GRAPEVINE ROOT WORM 61 



do not emerge till much later. A pupa was met with Aug. 15, 

 1902, and adults have been found in Xew York vineyards as late 

 as early September. These latter are probably descendants of 

 belated larvae. The eggs are normally laid from the last of 

 June through July under the loose bark of last year's wood and 

 require a period of about two weeks to hatch. The young- 

 grubs make little attempt to crawl down the stem and usually 

 fall under the loose soil and make their way to the small feed- 

 ing roots where under favorable conditions they grow rapidly 

 and after increasing considerably in size, attack the larger 

 roots, eating away long strips of the bark, plate 1, figure 5. The 

 latter, when a large number of grubs are present, may rest 

 simply on a bed of borings. Many of the grubs attain nearly 

 full size the latter part of August or early in September. Late 

 in the fall the larvae descend to considerable depths, as previ- 

 ously noted, construct their oval cells and pass the winter within 

 them. 



Habits of the beetle. The habits of the beetle are of special 

 interest because it is possible to collect these insects and thus 

 in a large measure j^revent egg laying and consequent damage 

 from the grubs. Professor Webster states that the beetles 

 normally begin to appear in northern Ohio about June 20. This 

 coincides rather closelj^ with our own observations, because 

 most growers agree in considering the season of 1902 remark- 

 ably late, and it is therefore not surprising that we met with 

 very few beetles previous to July 2. Their first appearance wa>* 

 on light soil and the insects did not begin to emerge in numbers 

 on heavy land till nearly a week later. The time of appearance 

 and the fact that a large proportion of the insects seem to 

 issue from the ground within a day or two is of much impor- 

 tance, if anything is to be done by collecting the insects. The 

 beetles appear to emerge and remain on the foliage, particularly 

 around buds, several days before they feed to any extent. 

 Breeding cage experiments have fixed this period at from one to 

 four days. Two beetles which actually emerged under observa- 

 tion refused food till the fourth day, and it is very probable 



