PLANTING SHADE AND ORNAMENTAL TREES. 115 



small apple tree two years old, you will find it will pay you largely 

 to cover with grafting wax. You will sometimes find a small limb 

 from a small tree covers a larger proportion of its surface than does 

 a limb on a larger tree. I have noticed it in trimming apple trees two 

 years old— take a two-year-old apple tree properly trimmed, and leave 

 the wounds unpainted or unwaxed and the tree is either killed or 

 greatly injured in its growth, while if it is covered with grafting wax 

 the tree doesn't appear to know that anything was done to it; it goes 

 right along growing without injury, 



Mr. C. S. Harrison: There is one comment I would like to make 

 on the paper, and that is in regard to painting. I had quite a lot of 

 trimming done in my orchard last spring during some real dry weather, 

 and I noticed wherever the trimming was done, especially upon some 

 plum trees, where the cuts were not painted until the next day^ that 

 during that twenty-four hours those cuts checked. So I believe it is 

 well worth your while to keep the fresh cuts painted as fast as they 

 are cut, for even in so short a time as twenty-four hours, if the weather 

 is dry, it will check the cuts. 



Mr. Roberts; There occurs to me a question regarding painting. I 

 have an orchard, and when pruning I apply white lead to the cuts, 

 covering the wounds with white lead. With a small limb, say the size 

 of a lead pencil, they will almost heal over the same year, pruning 

 about June 1st. In small limbs, trim close to the body and paint at 

 once. If you cut off four to six inches from the body of the tree, the 

 snag will hang on from year to year and die back; so I say by all means, 

 in the North Platte valley, cut yj3ur limbs off close to the tree and 

 paint over with white lead. 



The President: We have next on our program "Forestry Planting," 

 by Professor Miller of the State University. 



Mr. Miller: I will confine myself to the discussion and planting of 

 some of the broad-leaved trees and hard woods. In a question of this 

 kind it is diflacult to know exactly what to cover. I will undertake 

 to discuss the planting of seven species. I am not going into the details 

 of planting of these except as they come up incidentally. What I desire 

 to do is to trace a plantation of each species through, giving the plan- 

 tation, the cost and results. I may say what I have to present is based 

 upon work that was done in the eastern part of the state in December, 

 1904, covering a territory east of the 99th meridian. Measurements were 

 made to determine the rate of growth and the opportunities for profit 

 of the different species, such as cottonwood, catalpa, etc. In each in- 

 stance I have taken a typical plantation of each species, determining 

 the cost and the returns as based upon our measurements. These plan- 

 tations were scattered over the entire region. Take the cottonwood, for 

 instance, we measured groves in every part of the territory, but no 

 attempt was made to take only the best groves. As measured, some of 

 the cottonwood groves on the uplands were fairly well managed and 



