FOREST PLANTING IN EASTERN NEBRASIvA. 141 



be important factors in restocking the sand hills. Both do well on hard 

 soils, and may be planted with safety throughout the region. 



SCOTCH PINE. 

 Scotch pine is hardy on the heavy soils in eastern Nebraska. It has 

 bee planted mainly for ornament, and can be planted with safety for 

 this purpose. 



NORWAY SPRUCE. 

 Norway spruce has a limited use in ornamental planting, and for this 

 it can be recommended. 



EUROPEAN LARCH. 



One of the most promising conifers for economic planting is European 

 larch. It has not been tested in Nebraska, but its success in Illinois, 

 Iowa, Minnesota, and the Dakotas, where it has been given a thorough 

 trial, warrants its use. 



RED CEDAR. 



Red cedar is native to the region and has been planted rather more 

 extensively than other conifer, but has been chiefly for protection and 

 ornament. No tree makes a more effective windbreak when planted as 

 a single row. It grows fairly rapidly, is hardy and long lived, and is 

 as effective in winter, when protection is most needed, as at any other 

 time. Branching is low, very dense, and persistent. 



CONCLUSIONS. 



No attempt has been made to exhaust the list of trees suitable for 

 planting in eastern Nebraska. Of those named, hardy catalpa, Osage 

 orange, black walnut, Cottonwood, white willow, green ash, and honey 

 locust can be grown with profit, as the history of a specific plantation 

 for each species shows. Hardy catalpa, Osage orange, green ash, and 

 honey locust should be planted chiefly for fence posts, white willow for 

 fuel, black walnut for lumber^ and cottonwood for fuel and lumber. All 

 attain their best development in rich, well-drained valleys. Cottonwood, 

 white willow, and black walnut are essentially bottomland trees. Osage 

 orange should be planted on upland only in fertile soils in the south- 

 eastern counties. The range of hardy catalpa in upland planting is con- 

 siderably wider, but it must have good soil. Green ash and honey 

 locust are especially adapted for dry upland planting in the more western 

 and southwestern counties. 



Doubtless experience will disclose other trees that may be planted 

 with proflt. European larch, for example, is deserv^ing of a thorough 

 trial. In the sand-hills some of the conifers, such as western yellow 

 pine and jack pine, undoubtedly may be planted with profit, since land 

 values are certain to remain low. « 



DISCUSSION. 

 Question: I wanted to ask you a question in regard to the cotton- 

 wood; if that grove had been growing twenty-five years, say seven years 



