250 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



original description of Populus angulata. In the second edition of this 

 work, published in 1813, the description of Populus angulata is consider- 

 ably improved, while the name Carolina Poplar is retained. 



The name Carolina Poplar was used by Michaux in "Histoire des 

 Arbres Forestiers" in 1813, and in his "North American Sylva," which 

 was first published in 1819, and in the later editions in 1842 and 1853, 

 and later (1857). In both works and all editions one of the poplars 

 (Populus angulata) is described under the English name "Carolina Pop- 

 lar," and it agrees in every respect with the tree we are now considering. 



Decaisne and Naudin in their "Manuel de I'Amateur des Jardins" 

 (1866) describe Populus angulata, naming it the Carolina Poplar (peup- 

 lier de la Caroline). 



In Hemsley's "Handbook of Hardy Trees, Shrubs and Herbaceous 

 Plants" (1877) the name Carolina Poplar is applied to Populus angulata. 



In the "Dendrologie" of Koch, published in 1872, Populus angulata is 

 called the "Carolinische Pappel" (Carolina Poplar). 



In Dippel's "Handbuch der Laubholzkunde" (1892) Populus angulata 

 is called the "Karolinische Pappel" (Carolina Poplar) and this name 

 applies also to the variety serotina, which is known in the staminate 

 form only. 



In Koehne's "Deutsche Dendrologie" (1893) Populus angulata is called 

 the "Karolinische Pappel" (Carolina Poplar), including also the variety 

 serotina. 



Bailey ("Cyclopedia of American Horticulture," Vol. Ill, 1901) dis- 

 cusses the matter as follows: "Populus deltoides var. caroliniensis, Car- 

 olina Poplar. A very distinct tree in habit of growth, making a straight, 

 upright or pyramidal head; leaves usually less distinctly deltoid, and 

 more gradually taper pointed than Populus deltoides. Native. — The Car- 

 olina Poplar is much planted, and nurserymen consider it to be distinct 

 from the Cottonwood. It differs in strict, straight appearance and it is 

 a most vigorous grower. It is much planted in Europe, where it is 

 known as the Swiss Poplar. Its botanical position needs to be in- 

 vestigated." 



IS IT A DISTINCT SPECIES? 



Upon the question of the specific autonomy of Populus angulata the 

 following additional citations of authority should be given full consid- 

 eration. 



Michaux in "Flora Boreali Americana" (1803) regards it (which, he 

 calls Populus angulata) as a distinct species. 



Willdenow, in "Species Plantarum" (1805), describes Populus angulata 

 as distinct from the comomn cottonwood. 



Pursh, in "Flora Americae Septentrionalis" (1814) regards Populus 

 angulata as a distinct species. 



Eaton ("Manual of Botany for the Northern and Middle States of 

 America," 3d edition 1822) gives a good description of Populus angulata, 

 referring to the "wing-angled" character of the branches. 



