56 NKBHASKA STATE IIOKTKM LTl JiAL SOCIKTV 



old from seed, which is seven inches through a foot from the ground and 

 20 feet tall. It was flooded with a great mass of snowy white, honey 

 scented flowers. Thousands of seedlings are now being offered at $5 per 

 hundred, but the reply comes "no call for them." 



The nurseryman should keep along the advancing wave which is 

 surely coming. He should help the wave along. He should buy and 

 plant hardy things of real merit and get acquainted wirh them and have 

 his agents understand them also. He should insist that papers that carry 

 his ads should enter on a campaign of publicity and give the front yard 

 as good a show as they give the barnyard. He should not wait for others 

 to spend thousands, giving information and he follow and reap the har- 

 vest for which they are sowing. 



The Chairman: It is all right Brother Harrison, line upon line, and 

 precept upon precept, and we will heed it later on. The next paper is 

 upon the subject of "Orcharding in Fillmore County," by R. A. Burns, of 

 Geneva. 



ORCHARDING IN FILLMORE COUNTY. 

 R. A. Burns, Geneva. 



Mr. President, Members and Friends: 



My experience with orcharding in Fillmore county, or anywhere else 

 for that matter, having been quite short, I shall confine myself to an 

 account of the orchard with which I aan directly connected, and not try 

 to describe general conditions over the county, as my subject would 

 seem to call for. 



Our soil is of a loess formation, underlaid at a depth of from two to 

 three feet with a clay subsoil approaching hardpan in consistency. This, 

 by many, is not considered ideal for apple growing on account of neither 

 moisture nor roots being able to penetrate it readily, and they are doubt- 

 less right. However, we have been able to get some fairly good results, 

 and take it as it comes, with no present intention of moving. Our own 

 orchard was planted in the years 18S6 and 1887, and covers twenty and 

 a half acres, exclusive of the windbreak which I am glad to say is ample. 



There are about 922 living trees planted 32 feet apart each way, and 

 consist in the main of the following varieties, Ben Davis, Winesap, Gano. 

 Genet, Missouri Pippin, Jonathan, G. G. Pippin, Wealthy and Cole's 

 Quince. There are also two rows of experimental varieties which con- 

 tain a large variety of crabs and summer apples. 



Cultivation has been neglected for several years, with the result that 

 part of it was quite heavily sodded with blue grass, but this has now 

 been turned under with a plow and will be kept cultivated with a cutaway 

 disc or similar machine. We anticipate that this will work an incon- 

 venience in one way, to counter-balance the good it may do, in that it 

 will be impossible to move the spraying machine about so soon after a 



