PEDIGREED NURSERY STOCK 163 



and fine in appearance, and there was just one limb on that tree that 

 had this rust. I examined to see if there was anything wrong, and there 

 was no sign of anything, everything was all right. Now what was the 

 matter with that? 



Prof. Beach: I formerly knew an orchard of fifty acres about two- 

 thirds Baldwin and one-third Greening. It had enough pollen, and I 

 was asked for my opinion on it. At that time I was studying the self- 

 fertility of fruits and I came to the conclusion that it was because they 

 needed other varieties in there to make them produce, and one of the 

 old veteran fruit growers in that community told me it was planted in 

 the wrong locality, and the soil was wrong. About two years later they 

 changed hands, and a man who had been handling orange groves took 

 charge of the orchard. (The reporter did not catch what the orange 

 man did, but he brought the orchard into productiveness in some way.). 



The Chairman: We will now listen to an illustrated lecture by E. 

 H. Favor, associate editor of "The Fruit Grower and Farmer" on "Prun- 

 ing for Fruit Production." 



(The talk being illustarted by lantern slides, and the necessary dark- 

 ness made it impossible to take the proceedings in shorthand.) 



DISCUSSION. 



Mr. G. A. Marshall: We have had a number of distinguished visi- 

 tors here fr,om neighboring states, and there are a couple that I do not 

 believe have been mentioned. E. S. Welch of Shenandoah, and Mr. 

 Lopieck of Woodbine are here with us, and I move they be made hon- 

 orary annual members of this society. Motion seconded and carried. 



Professor Beach: I still have in mind part ol the question Mr. Pol- 

 lard asked in regard to that unproductive orchard, and I will say that 

 is a deep and difficult subjeci. We do not ahvays have the evidence 

 m hand to decide just what the causes are that produce the results 

 that we see in trees. With reference to this matter of improductiveness 

 of trees, grown from water sprouts or from scions takers from nursery 

 stock there is this evidence that I have, namely, that it does make a 

 difference sometimes in the early pan of the life of the plant as to how 

 quickly it comes into bearing. Whothei the propagating wood is taken 

 from mature bearing wood, or whether it is taken from water sprouts, 

 and my own opinion is that is the difference, which is overcome within 

 a comparatively few years. I had in mind one man who as a matter 

 of curiosity used to propagate apples by taking fruit sports. Here is 

 something that has bearing upon this point; it is known that with some 

 varieties of grapes, if you take the cuttings from the spring growing 

 cones, that come from about the root, that if you take the cuttings from 

 those they do not give as productive vines, at least early in the period 

 of their history as do vines that are propagated from canes of more ma- 

 ture growth. We must recognize this principle in pruning and propagat- 

 ing, and difficult questions pertaining to the handling of plants, that we 



