FRUIT AND FKUIT GROWING 275 



with purchasing societies, so that the borrower has the advantage not 

 only of credit on reasonable terms, but also of cooperative purchase 

 and of the advice and guidance of those by whom the loan is sanctioned. 

 Regarding the secondary results brought about by cooperative action, 

 it may be said that they are several in number and decidedly far-reaching 

 in their effects. Increased crops and increased prices spell, of course, 

 larger incomes and larger profits, the influence of which stimulates and 

 revives rural life on its social no less than on its economic side. Public 

 schools, country churches, other public institutions and general rural life 

 are apparently made better, all of which tends to check the drift of rural 

 population to towns and cities. — From Green's Fruit Grower. 



FRUIT AND FRUIT GROWING: ITS EFFECTS ON MIND AND 



MORALS. 



By Dr. Granville Lowther, Editor Fancy Fruit, North Yakima, Wash. 



The many branches of science teach that the process of nature is 

 from lower to higher forms. In the last analysis of material substances, 

 the multifarious forms of life can be traced to only one form, viz., 

 protoplasm. F^om this one substance all forms have sprung, and the 

 many species of vegetable and animal life have grown. The explanation 

 seems to be that there is an omnipresent energy that struggles for ex- 

 pression, and that the form of expression depends on the environment. 

 For instance, web-footed animals were not made for the water; the water 

 produced the web-footed animals. That is, only the web-footed could 

 survive on a watery surface. The others could not swim, would therefore 

 die and their kind become extinct, while those with web feet would 

 float on the surface, gather their food, live and reproduce their kind. In 

 this way a species was established that tends to permanency. 



For land animals, the web foot is an encumbrance, arfd when they 

 are attacked by their enemies, they save themselves by flying into the 

 water or upward into the air. 



Some trees are annuals in a northern climate and perennials in the 

 south. The bear, the rabbit and other animals incline to be white in 

 the polar regions and brown or black in the tropic. In like manner, the 

 races of men differ in color, size, form and mental characteristics growing 

 out of conditions of soil, climate, occupations, modes of life, and whatever 

 tends to modify the mind or body. 



THE MAKING OF DISTINCTIVE TYPES. 



Even in America, where we are among the youngest of the nations, 

 there are strong tendencies toward distinctive types. For instance, it 

 was proven during the war of the rebellion, in measuring recruits for 

 the army, that the men from the manufacturing districts of New England 

 were smaller of stature than men from the farms. It was shown that 

 men from the mountain regions of Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee 



