QUESTION BOX. 119 



plow, probably three or four iiiclies deep and cut off some 

 roots. You must have the top of the soil thoiouj^hly pulver- 

 ized as hard ground or soil will crack opeu and dry out in 

 Nebraska. My grapes got ripe when the ground was wet, I 

 had a lot of pickers go in and pick when the ground was wet 

 and the ground became hard and packed, and I did not want 

 it to go into winter quarters that waj. I had this ground 

 thoroughly cultivated after they were through picking, and 

 then I sowed in oats, which I thought would grow and make 

 a covering, but the first hard freeze we had bit them off on 

 the gTOund and they came up again when this snow came on. 



A Member: What kind of grapes have you? 



Mr. Davidson: Mostly Concords, some Clintons, some 

 Moore's Early and two or three white kinds. Moore's Early 

 with me makes a very small growth. 



A Member : What do you get for your Concords? 



Mr. Davidson : I sold them for three cents a pound on the 

 vine. 



Mr. Harrison: Did they ripen even? 



Mr. Davidson: Reasonably even. My rows extend north 

 and south and by keeping them well cultivated they ripen 

 quite well. In former years I made a failure by not having 

 them cultivated. When there were weeds among them they 

 didn't ripen nearly as well as they did when under thorough 

 cultivation. 



Mr. Harrison : How late in the season do you cultivate? 



Mr. Davidson : I cultivated after I picked this year. 



A Member : Is there any sand in the soil on those you irri- 

 gated? 



Mr. Davidson : No, there is no sand in our soil. 



A Member: When do you trim your grape vines, in the 

 fall or in the spring? 



Mr. Davidson: I am trimming now (January), I am not 

 quite done; last year I didn't trim at all. 



A Member: Are you trimming now while they are frozen? 



Mr. Davidson : Yes, this snowstorm stopped our trimming, 



