IIORTICULTLKE IN THE SCHOOLS. 71 



(ler kinds, however, wheu there arci good hardy oues that al- 

 most take care of themselves. 



Presideut Green : We will now hear from Mr. Bishop, on 

 the subject of "Horticulture in our Public iSchools." 



HOETICULTUKE IN OUK PUJ3LIC SCHOOLS. 



E. C. KISHOP^ STATE SUPERINTENDENT OP PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 



Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen : 



It would probably be better if I were to take the general 

 subject of Agriculture in our Public Schools, for our agricul- 

 ture course includes horticulture and all its kindred subjects. 

 What we would like, however, would be to have each branch 

 of agriculture treated as thoroughly and simplified as much 

 as possible. Just to give a general idea of what we are trying 

 to do in our agriculture course I will mention the different 

 subjects that we aim to cover in the high school course. This 

 first division covers a period of eighteen weeks, and includes 

 under the title Garden and Orchard Crops, the following: 



1. Location and site for gardens and orchards: elevation, 

 aspect, soil, windbreaks, etc. 



2. Laying out the grounds: (a) for fruit, vegetables, and 

 flower crops; (b) for ornamental effects. 



3. Propagation: (a) by seeds — stratifying, storing, scald- 

 ing, soaking, planting, germihation, seed testing; preparing 

 seed beds, cold frames, hotbeds, etc.; (b) by separation — di- 

 vision, layerage — bulbs, cornis, tubers, suckers, stools, stolons, 

 oii'sets, layers, etc.; (c) by cuttings — roots, tubers, leaves, 

 growing stems, dormant stems, etc.; by graftage — budding, 

 inarching, root-gTafting, top-gTafting ; preparation of graft- 

 ing wax, etc, 



4. Transplanting of trees and plants — digging, packing, 

 unpacking, heeling-in, puddling, planting, pricking out, pot- 

 ting, shifting, etc. 



5. Tillage of gardens and orchards — cultivations, mulch- 

 ing, cover-crops, etc. Windbreaks. 



