86 NEBRASKA STATE HOKTlCUI/TUliAL SOCIETY. 



We had piuciied Lhem back; we had cut out the old caues; 

 uot neediug uew plants we had kept them from "tipping," ex- 

 cept an occasional one here and there. We proceeded to cut 

 out all of the dead canes, and cultivate the patch thoroughly, 

 giving it a good coating of stable manure. Imagine our 

 surprise as the season advanced to discover that all that had 

 "'tipped" were alive and bore heavily, Since then we have 

 not i)inched back the new canes and have good crops both in 

 1908 and 1909. Our observation has been that a plant begins 

 to freeze at the tip, and if allowed to take root, there is no 

 "tip" to freeze. Are we right? 



Ked Raspueuries — Two species of red raspberries 

 are cultivated. The native American (Rubus strigosus) and 

 the European (Rubus idaeus). These two plants are closely 

 related botanically, but differ very materially under culti- 

 vation, a marked distinction being the habit of the European 

 species to continue fruiting throughout the season after ripen- 

 ing begins. Tlie European sorts are less hardy than their 

 American cousins, and can not be relied upon. Out of a total 

 of 100 or more that have been introduced in this countrv, 

 not more than six or eight have stood the test. 



The red raspberry in some ways is more satisfactorily 

 grown than the black, especially for home use and marketing. 

 It comes into bearing rapidly, and is serviceable for a number 

 of years; the canes grow directly upward, do not turn over 

 and take root, hence are more easily cultivated. 



Preparation for Planting — Put on from fifteen to twenty 

 loads of stable manure to the acre, and if possible plow in the 

 fall, but by all means plow deep. If plowed in the spring har- 

 row every half day's plowing thoroughly, that is, harrow it 

 two or three times so as to have a good well-firmed bed into 

 which to set the plants. Carefully mark out the ground 

 both ways so as to set the plants in rows each way. Too 

 much care can not be exercised in getting your plants abso- 

 lutely straight both ways. Hereafter we shall set our berries 

 31/2 by 6 to 61/^ feet. For the blackcaps we have no special 



