MARKETING APPLES. 193 



A Member: How did you measure them? 



Mr. lilarshcall : In bushel baskets. The graders followed the 

 pickers through the orchard and the baskets were dumped on 

 the grading tables. The Chicago firm furnished the graders. 

 We told them how many bushels we would pick per day and 

 they said they had plenty of gTaders to take care of them. The 

 graders could not take care of them and they gave us the privi- 

 lege to take the rest and store them in a storehouse where 

 they would be out of the way and protected. We got 400 

 soft stave baskets and we turned them into the baskets and 

 the foreman of the graders checked them up before they 

 were hauled to the storage or to the grading table. We gen- 

 erally had one set stacked in the orchard and the balance 

 were hauled to the shed. They didn't gTade near as fast as 

 we picked them and we had 5,000 bushels in the shed at one 

 time. Our expense was between 29 cents and 30 cents a 

 barrel for gathering and getting them to the cars. We added 

 some expense on that that should have been added the bulk 

 apples and we can cut that down probably 10 per cent an- 

 other year. 



I discovered that when the apples were scattered on the 

 trees the pickers would want more money. Last year w-e 

 had a great many scattering apples, the trees didn't bear at 

 all or only just bear on one side and the pickers would object 

 to that very much, but generally those apples were large and 

 fine. 



A Member : What kind of ladders do you use? 



Mr. Marshall : The ladder we liked best was the Niagara. 

 It is broad at the bottom and slopes in from the bottom and 

 slopes in to a point with a stick in the top so that you can 

 easily push it thronijh the trees. You want a ladder tall 

 enough to reach to the top of the tree. You would think a 

 Indder 24 or 26 feet hiah would be tall, but we have trees as 

 tall as that and you must have that high a ladder. You want 

 a ladder for every picker. The picker does not get so tired as 

 he does when you have one man pick on the ground or in the 

 7 



