66 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The best spray is a fine mist. To get this it is necessary to 

 have a good nozzel and a fairly high pressure. The tree should 

 be sprayed until all the foliage is wet as with dew, but not until 

 the mixture runs off from the leaves as in a rain. The spraying 

 must be thorough. Every leaf should be hit if possible. Where 

 whole limbs are missed, as often occurs with careless work- 

 men, uniformly good results can not be expected. One or two 

 sprayings carefully and thoroughly done are better than several 

 sprayings carelessly applied, and are certainly much cheaper 

 in both labor and material. 



Bordeaux mixture adheres to fohage very well. When once 

 it has dried onto the leaves, it is not easily washed off even by 

 heavy rains. In the spraying tests of the past season it hap- 

 pened that a heavy rain fell within a day or two after almost 

 every application of the spray, and yet the mixture was plainly 

 visible on the foliage for two or three months after it was ap- 

 phed. On one occasion the spraying had to be stopped on ac- 

 count of rain which came w^hile the spray was being applied. 

 The next day it was found necessary to renew the application 

 in case of such trees as had been sprayed within perhaps the 

 last half hour before the rain. Trees sprayed earher in the day 

 so that the spray had dried on the leaves before the rain, did 

 not need respraying. 



CONCLUSIONS. 



CEDAR RUST. 



The tests here described indicate that cedar rust can be held 

 in check, even in the case of varieties that ordinarily rust bad- 

 ly, by spraying the apple trees with Bordeaux mixture in 

 spring when the apples on cedar trees are becoming gelatinous 

 and orange-colored (fig. 6, No. 4), followed by a second spraying 

 ten days or two weeks later. Picking and destroying the cedar 

 apples during winter or early spring should prove of advantage 

 but has not been tested here. The destruction of cedar trees 

 for a distance of not less than a mile from the orchard, as is of- 

 ten recommended, will undoubtedly prove beneficial. This 

 remedy, however, for various reasons can not always be em- 

 ployed. It is not, therefore, to be expected that this method of 

 controlling cedar rust will be adopted except in rare cases. 



