SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS. 49. 



are rather sad affairs. The scale seems hke a needle which 

 enters the stump, and it dies. There were trees there you 

 could rake the scales off; they had to cut off the limbs and leave 

 nothing but the stump, and then whitewash them. I thought 

 we had some advantages in Nebraska. I think Nebraska, from 

 w^hat I can see of the United States, has the best show of 

 raising peaches of any state in the Union, 



Mr. Swan: Mr. Youngers, you think Nebraska is ahead of 

 all of them? 



Mr. Youngers : Yes, for profit and quality. 



SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS WITH APPLE SCAB AND 



CEDAR RUST. 



BY PROF. R. a. EMERSON , 

 UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA. 



INTRODUCTION. 



During the past three years two fungous diseases of the apple, 

 scab and cedar rust, have been unusally prevalent in eastern 

 Nebraska. Of the two, rust has attracted the more attention, 

 owing to the fact that the trees attacked by it are often defohated 

 and thereby seriously weakened, if not killed. The further fact 

 that the rust seriously injures cedar trees has brought it to the 

 attention of many who would not otherwise have been concerned 

 about it. Scab, on the other hand, becomes noticeable only by 

 disfiguring the fruit of certain varieties of apples. As a matter 

 of fact, scab is more injurious than is often apparent. It not 

 only attacks the fruit but also injures the foliage to such an ex- 

 tent that the fruit is sometimes undersized. Moreover, the scab 

 very commonly reduces the yield of fruit by attacking the flowers 

 or very young fruits, causing them to drop early. This is of 

 course a more serious trouble in "off years" than in seasons 

 when there is a heavy set of fruit. For instance, after the freeze 

 of 1903, which came while the trees were in bloom, there was a 

 very noticeable difference in the amount of fruit set on sprayed 

 and unsprayed apples, in favor of the sprayed trees.. 



