Swine Groivers' Association. 291 



definite, unvarying train of symptoms, and that the "post-mortem" 

 appearances in one case give a fair picture of what may be seen 

 in all other cases of this disease; but the fact is that scarcely 

 any other disease shows such a variety of symptoms, and disease 

 changes in the internal organs, as is shown by cholera, including 

 its complications. 



Types of Cholera — There are two general types of the disease, 

 actite and chronic. In the acute form a number of animals of a herd 

 may die suddenly or after a very short illness ; while in the chronic 

 type the animals often live for several weeks, become very thin in 

 flesh and die, one or two at a time. The cause of the disease is the 

 same in both types; the only difference being in the degree of 

 virulence of the infection, or the difference in the resistance of 

 individual animals, or herds. In many outbreaks, and especially 

 in the slow lingering type, the disease first appears among the 

 pigs and shoats. The very acute type often appears first in the 

 heavy, fattening hogs. 



Symptoms — The following symptoms will be observed in 

 nearly every outbreak of cholera, but not in every individual hog 

 affected with the disease. Animals that succumb to the acute form 

 of the disease show but few symptoms before death. They may 

 eat well at night and be found dead the following morning. In 

 other cases they may have a profuse diarrhoea, greenish, black or 

 bloody in character; vomiting may occur, and bleeding from the 

 nose, a reddening of the skin of the belly and legs may be seen. 

 All these external signs may however, be lacking in individual 

 cases, but a *'post-mor'tem" examination of such cases will as a 

 rule show plain evidences of cholera. In the more chronic type 

 of the disease the sick hogs cease to eat heartily, are sluggish, show 

 an inclination to burrow into the bedding and shiver as if cold, 

 even in pleasant weather. After a few days the hair becomes 

 rough, the skin becomes scaly or may show a reddening, either 

 diffuse or in spots on the under surface of the belly. In prolonged 

 cases of the disease ulcers may appear on the skin, especially 

 about the joints. The tips of the ears in some cases slough off. 

 The eyes become watery or show a "mattery" collection at the 

 inner corner of the eye. The eyelids in some cases are glued to- 

 gether. Animals suffering from the chronic form fall off greatly 

 in flesh, they become weak, especially in the hind quarters, and 

 have an unsteady wabbling gait. Some of the sick animals de- 

 velop a cough, and may show increased respirations ; some affected 

 in this manner bleed at the nose, some vomit, some have a pro- 



