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Missouri Agricultural Report. 



here and there rounded ulcers varying in size from a fourth to 

 three-fourths of an inch in diameter. The wall of the intestine 

 at this point is thickened and the surface of the ulcer is elevated 

 slightly above the mucous surface of the gut, and resembles a flat 

 circular button, hence the term "button ulcer," which is applied 

 to these ulcers. The presence of these ulcers can often be detected 

 before cutting into the gut by the presence of a circular inflamed 

 area on the outer surface. The thickened margins of the ulcer 

 can be felt through the walls of the gut. In other cases there is 

 a thick, yellowish, tough, cheesy-like exudate (diptheritic mem- 

 brane) covering the wall of the large intestine over considerable 

 extent, and very firmly adherent. This is the result of a diffuse 

 inflammation of the mucous and submucous membranes. The 

 walls of the intestines in such cases feel thick and leathery. In 

 the acute hemorrhagic type of the disease, extensive hemor- 

 rhages into the large and small intestines sometimes occur. So 

 that on opening the gut, clots of blood, almost filling the cavity, 

 are found. 



On opening the stomach the mucous membrane in many cases, 

 appears normal, in other cases it appears greatly inflamed, and 

 sometimes blood clots are found. 



Next examine the organs of the chest cavity. This cavity 

 can be opened best by removing the breast bone. Cut through the 

 cartilages where the ribs join the breast-bone, press apart the ribs 

 and note the condition of the lungs. In health they have a light 



Fig. 4. "Speckled" kidney, often seen in the acute hemorrhagic type of hog cholera; due to 

 minute hemorrhages. 



