REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9II 41 



It will be noted on referring to the above table, that the reduc- 

 tion in wormy apples is constant, whether we take the total, the 

 total end wormy, the total side wormy or the total end and side 

 wormy, with the increase in the number of sprayings, while the 

 plots sprayed but once and late show a large increase in the wormy 

 apples and the unsprayed or check plots approximately twice as 

 many. The evidence is so plain that further comment as to the 

 relative value of the different sprays seems unnecessary. 



Conclusions. A study of these data as a whole justifies the 

 conclusion for the Hudson valley at least that in normal years 

 when the crop is abundant or fairly abundant, one thorough 

 early spraying, within a week or ten days after the blossoms fall, 

 should result in the production of 95 to 98 per cent of sound 

 fruit. A slight gain will accrue from a second treatment about 

 three weeks later, and an additional gain from the third treatment 

 given the latter part of July. The benefit from the latter two 

 sprayings is comparatively small so far as the codling moth is 

 concerned, though ample to meet the cost of the poison and, in 

 many instances, probably the expense of treatment. Should 

 there be sufficient fungous disease to warrant applications for 

 this purpose, there should be no question as to the advisability 

 of adding poison in the later sprayings. 



A small crop almost invariably means a larger percentage of 

 wormy fruit and if the prospects are even fair for good prices, 

 the third spraying (the latter part of July) would at least justify 

 itself because of the additional protection from possible severe 

 injury by the second brood. The second spraying, three weeks 

 after the blossoms fall, might be advisable especially if the first 

 application is not thorough for some reason or other. 



Fungous affections are of comparatively little importance in 

 the Hudson valley. Many of our fruit growers have been ob- 

 taining fair results w r ith the single treatment, and the above data, 

 we believe, show the reason why such is the case. Compara- 

 tively few have appreciated the importance of one thorough 

 treatment a" the proper time. With the information given above 

 we believe that our Hudson valley fruit growers can ascertain 

 for themselves whether more than one treatment is advisable. 

 There is no reason why the progressive fruit grower should not 

 watch developments and if wormy apples seem to be somewhat 

 common in early July, protect himself against possible further 

 injury by spraying thoroughly the latter part of that month 

 and thus destroy many of the second brood larvae before they 



