110 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



been rather abundant in Albany, defoliating or nearly stripping 

 many of the horsechestnuts and .lindens (plate 25), though the 

 elms and maples do not appear to have been seriously affected. 

 The work of this caterpillar was also observed on horsechest- 

 nuts in particular, though to some extent on lindens at Menands, 

 \\ atervliet, Green Island and Cohoes. 



It is comparatively easy to remove from infested trees dur- 

 ing the winter, the conspicuous snow-white egg masses (plate 

 27, figure 2) attached to filmy cocoons. This is very effective, 

 since the female moth is wingless and rarely does more than 

 crawl onto the surface of the cocoon prior to laying her eggs. 

 The crawling powers of the caterpillar are also very limited; 

 consequently this insect is an extremely local pest. It is also 

 amenable to thorough and timely sprayings with a poison, 

 preferably arsenate of lead (15 per cent arsenic oxid) using 

 about two pounds to fifty gallons of water and making the ap- 

 plication when the caterpillars are small and therefore most 

 susceptible to any such poison. 



European elm case bearer (C o 1 e o p h o r a limosipen- 

 nella Dup.). This introduced species has been known for 

 some years in the vicinity of New York City and on Long 

 Island. The curious brown, somewhat ilattened cases of the 

 larva are quite characteristic and are sometimes accompanied 

 by rather serious injury. It was surprising last June to dis- 

 cover the larvae and work of this insect in a somewhat out of 

 the way location near the Connecticut line in South Salem, 

 some forty miles from New York. 



FOREST PESTS 

 Hickory bark borer ( E c c o p t o g a s t e r quadrispin- 

 osus Say). The pernicious activity of the hickory bark borer 

 has been most evident in the eastern part of New York State, 

 particularly in the immediate vicinity of Xevv York City during 

 the last three years. An examination of the hickories in Pros- 

 pect Park, Brooklyn, in 1909 showed that a large number of 

 the magnificent trees in that extensive park were so seriously 

 affected that it would be necessary to cut out many in order 

 to save the remainder. Last year there were complaints of in- 

 juries in the region of the Bronx, while the destructive work 

 of this borer has been continued during the past season. Its 

 nefarious operations were reported by Mr Henry Bird of Rye. 



