STATE DAIRY ASSOCIATION. 319 



New York prohibits the sale of skim milk entirely, Kansas City also, 

 and that law has been upheld by the State Supreme Court. I know 

 that skim milk has a great food value, and I deplore the fact that dis- 

 honest people will mix it with whole milk. 



Air. Stone — The United States Government defines skim milk as 

 ■"any milk from which a part of the cream has been removed." The 

 moment }0u remove any cream you have skim milk unless you fix a 

 definite standard for the ingredients. If you touch it at all, it is skim 

 milk, according to the definition of the United States law. Therefore 

 the United States Government fixes a standard — not a butter fat standard, 

 but a solid standard. 



Dr. Bernays — I would be in favor of permitting the sale of skim 

 milk if a scheme was provided by which whole milk and skim milk 

 could be separated. Suppose a physician tells a mother to buy whole 

 milk for her child and dilute it with water — if the fraud of skim milk 

 has been practiced upon her the child will not have enough sustenance 

 in the milk to sustain life. 



Air. Miller — For what purposes are city ordinances drawn up? There 

 is only one ground in my opinion, and that is the public health. I 

 would like to know if skim milk is not a wholesome article? 



O. What would be fair wages for a man to superintend a dairy 

 of 40 to 60 cows, to have full charge of same, witth board and rooin? 



A. (By Mr. Gurler) — I do not know that anybody can answer that 

 question without knowing the man. Some men are not worth any- 

 thing, and there are other men that you can hardly over-pay. To super- 

 intend 40 to 60 cows and have full charge of the dairy and be furnished 

 his board and room — how much does the proprietor know about the 

 business ? 



Mr. Nothing. 



Mr. Gurler — Then he ought to pay a man a thousand dollars a year 

 and feed him. 



O. You advise cutting timothy hay In bloom. Do you mean the 

 first or second bloom, and why ? 



A. (By Mr. Glover) — It means that when the timothy hay first 

 begins to bloom it should be cut. Why? Because the nutriment in it 

 is most digestible at that time. 



If a farmer allows his timothy hay to become w-ell ripened it is 

 then no better than wheat straw and not so good as oat straw^ Wood — 

 that box over there — has a certain amount of nutriment, carbohydrates, 

 etc., and will analyze all right, but we know a cow could not eat that 

 box and make milk out of it. It is not valuable as a food stufif. My old 



