160 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



that nobody really knows how or when to do it except these professors 

 here. But thanks to our professors they are bringing this right down 

 to the home of the average farmer and the men with the small planta- 

 tions. There are thousands of farm home orchards where there is one 

 commercial orchard. I am glad to know that the professors are making 

 it simple and are planning so that the average man can make use of this 

 advancement that has been made in the care and culture of fruit. This 

 is a good paper, and as we have two or three other members on the pro- 

 gram and we will have to be brief and to the point we would like to 

 have your discussion on this subject. Is there anybody who has any 

 questions to ask? 



Q. When should be the first spraying, at the blossoming time? 



A. That is, I think, the universally accepted time, the cluster buds 

 open before the individual flowers open, and the intervening time is 

 undoubtedly the time for the first spraying with fungicides. The poison 

 is not so essential at this spraying. 



Q. Where could we get those two bulletins you mentioned? 



A. Copies of those are no longer available, but we are now getting 

 out a bulletin that incorporates all the things mentioned including the 

 price, and that will be mailed out between now and spraying time and 

 it is free to anyone in Nebraska. If your name is not on the mailing 

 list, have the bulletin clerk put your name on before you go home. 



Mr. Atkinson: How about the other poisons that are used? 



A. We have never used any other poisons except the arsenate of 

 lead, — in fact we have never used anything but arsenate of lead in any 

 of our sprays, two pounds to 50 gallons. 



Mr. Dickinson: Is there any reason for putting the arsenate of lead 

 in the first spraying? 



A. I do not see any reason for it. It certainly will not do very much 

 good. 



Mr. Dickinson: Is there any of these poisons used for curculio? 



A. Yes, sir; arsenate of lead. 



Q. That is in the first spraying? 



A. No, sir. 



Q. Do you think you catch them sufiiciently in the later spraying? 



A. Yes, sir, it is entirely too early to expect results in the first 

 spraying. 



Mr. Dickinson: I have heard it intimated that the curculio eats early 

 in the season. I use Paris green in the first spraying, 1 pound to 100 

 gallons, and arsenate of lead in the later sprayings. 



A. I can't give you any definite information on the life-history of 

 the curculio in this state, but I think I am safe in saying there is no 

 advantage in spraying before the cluster buds are open, unless you are 

 troubled with San .Jose scale. 



Mr. Keyser: How about holding back the buds? 



A. To retard the growth? That is a question I can not answer. 



