DISCUSSION. 165 



material with which you are all acquainted. We spray in the spring 

 just before budding time with lime-sulphur; again after the buds have 

 opened and the blossoms are fully developed, and when one-half or more 

 of the petals have fallen to the ground we spray with arsenate of lead. 

 As stated before, we sprayed last season six times. Mr. Wileman, who 

 is on the farm and interested with me, thinks he will spray oftener this 

 year. We use a pressure of about one hundred eighty to two hundred 

 rounds, which makes a good fog. This fog goes through the trees thor- 

 oughly and coats the under side of the leaf as well as the upper side, 

 reaching the insects on both sides at the same time. 



When the time comes to gather the apples we get the best men we 

 can, — men who have had experience in gathering apples as well as 

 packing. We had about five hundred apple picking boxes, made in St. 

 Joseph, Mo., which we scattered along down the rows of apple trees. 

 We use the regular picking sacks for gathering the apples and use 

 orchard ladders for going up in the trees. When the boxes are filled 

 (each holds one bushel of apples) we have a low wheeled wagon and put 

 the boxes on this wagon, taking them to the packing house where they 

 are sorted over and graded for the market. 



Last fall we employed about fifty people in gathering, packing and 

 hauling to market. The apples are loaded on the cars at once and 

 sent to cold storage. This all sounds easy enough but you will find 

 out you will need men of good brains and sense for the best picking 

 and packing of apples. We have had all kinds of men in our orchard, 

 from the graduate of Harvard to the man who never had been in a 

 school-room. 



We pack most of our apples in barrels, as they seem to be in good 

 demand, are more satisfactory to handle, less storage charges and less 

 expense in packing. We store in different places on account of the 

 market. We sold our Jonathans last season for $6 per barrel and are 

 now offered over $4 for Ben Davis in storage. On this orchard of 

 sixty-five acres we had twenty thousand bushels of apples. Off of one 

 acre of Wealthy we sold $600 worth of apples. What we have done 

 anyone can do if they will go at it with a determination to succeed. 

 You must figure on ten to twelve years before you realize your anticipa- 

 tion on apples. Nothing will work for you like nature. Nothing that 

 I know of in the fruit line equals apple trees. Off of one tree we 

 gathered forty bushels. 



DISCUSSION. • 



Mr. Williams: What kind? 

 A. Snow apples. 



Mr. Williams: Do you believe in cultivating your orchard. 

 A. Yes, sir. ' 



Q. Every year? .i 



