Varieties of Roots. 



125 



Depth of solving: 



On the Dunkirk clay loam, carrot seed would not grow when sown 

 one-fourth inch deep, but it grew well when sown five-eighths inch deep 

 in sand. On the clay loam it was necessary to sow it practically on the 

 surface. Seeds of all other crops were sown shallow, mangels, sugar- 

 beets and half-sugar mangels not over three-fourths inch deep, and all 

 others between one-fourth and one-half inch deep. 



Number of thousands 

 Carrots. 



Lobberich 



5 7 per cent. 



Altringham 



83 per cent. 



100-Ton 



15 per cent. 



Orange Giant 

 25 per cent. 



Giant Wiltshire. 

 so per cent. 



500 



Fig. 37. — Chart showing relation of number of seeds per pound to the nuinber ger- 

 minating for carrots. The heavy bar represents the number of thousands per pound; 

 the light bar the thousands germinating. 



Distance between rozvs of roots: 



Twenty-seven inch rows were used in 1904, and 30 inch in 1905 and 

 1906. The latter is advised because horse culture can be maintained for 

 a longer period of time. The aim is not, necessarily, to produce the 

 greatest yield per acre, but the highest yield per row, and thus produce 

 roots at the lowest cost per ton. This can probably be better accom- 

 plished by wide rows, full of plants and fewer rows to the acre, and the 

 use of horse tillage implements, than by narrower rows, a greater number 

 to the acre and more hand labor. 



Thinniyig: 



It is essential that the plants be thinned before they become " drawn " 

 or " leggy." Mangels were ready to thin about 30 to 35 days after 

 sowing, rutabagas 25 to 30 days, hybrid and common turnips 16 to 25 

 days, carrots and parsnips about 35 to 40 days. 



