Varieties of Roots. 



127 



turnips may be used during September, October and November. Hybrid 

 turnips and rutabagas may be used in November and December, mangels 

 or half-sugar mangels being used the rest of the winter. Rutabagas may 

 be used for hogs, especially for wintering sows. Carrots may be grown 

 for horses. 



Essentials for a high yield: 



1. A proper rotation. Mangels grown continuously on the same 

 land for four years yielded 9.6 tons of roots containing one ton of dry 

 matter, while those grown on an adjacent plat which had been in a rota- 

 tion of corn, etc., yielded 34 tons containing four tons of dry matter, a 

 gain of three tons of dry matter per acre. 



2. Early sowing. 



3. A uniform stand. The number of plants suggested per acre, is : 

 half-sugar mangels, mangels, rutabagas and hybrid turnips, 25,000 to 

 30,000 ; carrots, 40,- 



000 to 60,000. (See 



table Bui. 243, pp. 

 97-98.) 



The varieties recom- 

 mended: 



Among the man- 

 gels, all of the long 

 varieties seem to be 

 able to produce good 

 yields but have vari- 

 ous defects. The 

 Globe and Tankard 

 varieties usually con- 

 tain a higher percent- 

 age of water and are 

 low in dry matter content. (See p. 129.) Two half-sugar mangels, Vil- 

 morin Half-Sugar Rosy, and Carter Half-Sugar, are recommended as 

 suitable stock to use for breeding American strains. 



Sugar-beets, although rich in dry matter, are generally so much more 

 expensive to harvest that the writers are not prepared to advocate their 

 extensive use for stock-feeding. 



Carter Holborn Elephant, the Kangaroo Rutabaga (which originated 

 in Canada) and Carton Superlative are recommended on account of their 

 comparative freedom from fibrous roots and their uniform good shape. 

 In yield the varieties were nearly all equal. (Fig. 49.) 



Fig. 3g. — Yellow Globe mangel. A good yielder. 

 Some specimens eigfit;. inches in diameter. Because 

 of its shape it is better suited to shallow soils than 

 the long kinds. 



