Spray Calendar. 177 



lime combined with the heat of the boiling water will dissolve much of the sulfur. 

 As the sulfur goes into solution a rich brick-red color will appear. While the lime is 

 slaking water may have to be added to prevent boiling over. Where steam is 

 employed it will have to be turned off until the lime is partly slaked. An excess 

 of water, more than 15 or 20 gallons at the most, is not desirable. After the lime 

 is slaked continue the boiling for from forty minutes to one hour, or more if necessary 

 to get the sulfur well dissolved. 



Special method by steam. — The following method is recommended by Geo. E. 

 Fisher, former San Jose Scale inspector for the Province of Ontario, Canada : 

 Steam is employed to dissolve the lump sulfur and cook the mixture. Provide 

 your.self with eight barrels. Put in quarter the full amount of sulfur and fresh stone 

 lime in four barrels with a proportionate amount of water. Turn the steam under 

 a pressure of 80 to 100 lbs. (i 5 to 20 lbs. pressure works well) into these four barrels. 

 When the water has boiled for a few minutes in the.se barrels turn off the steam. 

 It may then be turned on to four more barrels which have been prepared in the 

 same manner as the first set. The full amount of lime and sulfur is then added 

 to the first .set of barrels slowly enough to prevent boiling over by the heat generated 

 by the slaking lime. When the lime is all slaked, turn on the steam again for two 

 or three hours or till the mixture is thoroughly cooked. It is quite possible, to 

 feed each barrel during the boiling process with a small stream of water, which 

 will gradually fill the barrel without preventing the boiling. The mixture becomes 

 quite thin during the boiling process, and when finished is of a deep orange color. 



The mixture may also be made by boiling in iron kettles. Heat the water before 

 adding the lime and sulfur. All the sulfur should be thoroughly reduced. Pour 

 into the sprayer through a strainer, and apply to the trees while warm. This is 

 to be used while the trees are dormant. This mixture has considerable value as 

 a fungicide. It prevents curl leaf and has in some cases prevented apple and pear 

 scab. Should be used fresh. 



Ammoniacal Copper Carbonate. 



Copper Carbonate 5 oz. 



Ammonia or Aquafortis (26° Beaume) 3 pints. 



Water 45 gals. 



Make a paste of the copper carbonate with a little water. Dilute the ammonia 

 with 7 or 8 volumes of water. Add the paste to the diluted ammonia and stir 

 until dis-solved. Add enough water to make 45 gallons. Allow it to settle and use 

 only the clear blue liquid. This mixture loses strength on .standing. For fungous 

 diseases late in the season. 



Copper Sulfate Solution. 



Copper sulfate i pound 



Water 15-25 gallons 



Dissolve the copper sulfate in the water. It is then ready for use. This should 

 never be applied to foliage, but must be used before the buds break. For peaches and 

 nectarines, use 25 gallons of water. For fungous diseases, but now largely sup- 

 planted by the Bordeaux mixture. A much weaker solution has been recommended 

 for trees in leaf but it is rarely u.sed. 



Potassium Sulfide Solution. 



Potassium sulfide (Liver of sulfur) \ — i oz. 



Water . i gallon 



12 



