582 Home Nature-Study Course. 



nate flowers grow on separate plants, but sometimes they may be found 

 on the spadix of one plant, the pollen-bearing flowers being set above the 

 seed-bearing flowers. This plant relies largely upon flies to carry the 

 pollen from flower to flower. Make the pupils understand that the spathe 

 or hood is not the flower any more than the blanket is the baby ; it is 

 simply a protection for the flowers and an assistance in getting them 

 fertilized. 



LESSON CL. 



the plant and fruit of jack-in-the-pulpit. 



Purpose. — To call attention to the peculiarities of the leaves and the 

 fruit of the Jack-in-the-pulpit. 



Note that on some plants there are two leaves, on others only one. 

 Note that the leaf is divided into three leaflets. Make a drawing of the 

 leaves, showing the peculiar venation. Note that later in the season the 

 leaves die down as the fruit develops. The fruit at first consists of a 

 bunch of green berries, but later turns a vivid red, remaining thus until 

 the frost comes. 



References. — Cornell Nature-Study Leaflets ; " Ten New England 

 Blossoms," p. 61 ; " Nature's Garden," p. 365 ; Poems by John G. Whit- 

 tier and Lucy Larcom ; " First Studies of Plant Life," Atkinson, p. 166; 

 " How to Know the Wild Flowers," Dana, p. 324 ; " Blossom Hosts and 

 Insect Guests," Gibson, p. 1 1 1 ; " The Child's Own Book of Wild 

 Flowers," Comstock. 



W^^ - 



THETCABBAGE BUTTERFLY. 



Preliminary Work. — This is a most excellent object for insect study as it is 

 easily procured. It is better to begin with a butterfly, as the pupils are usually 

 more interested in butterflies than in the caterpillars. A butterfly may be captured 

 and kept in the schoolroom, letting it fly about upon the windows, .so that the 

 children may become familiar with it. Then tell them the story of the way this 

 insect came from Europe and drove from America all of our native cabbage butter- 

 flies, so that now these native species only live in out-of-the-way places and upon 

 wild plants. It first appeared in Quebec in i860, and in 1868 appeared in New York. 

 Perhaps butterflies chanced to come independently to these two places as stowaways 

 upon ships from Europe. From these points the cabbage butterfly, in a little more 

 than twenty years, spread from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from the Gulf of 

 Mexico to Hudson Bay. It is an instance which shows the fact that if plenty of 

 food and no enemies confront a species, it multiplies and spreads almost beyond 

 computation. 



LESSON CLL 



the white butterfly. 



Purpose. — To make the children familiar with the cabbage butterfly 

 and enable them to distinguish it from other species. 



