Teachers' Leaflet. 591 



tected place for the cattle to drink if they are turned out of the barn 

 for water in winter; it is far better to have the water piped into the barn. 

 A dog should never be used for driving cows. To be profitable a cow 

 should give milk ten months of the year at least. Calves should be 

 dehorned when they are a few days old by putting caustic potash on 

 the budding horns, thus obviating the danger of damaging a cow by 

 dehorning. 



In a properly run dairy a pair of scales stand near the can far 

 receiving the milk, and as the milk from each cow is brought in it is 

 weighed and the amount set down opposite the cow's name on a " milk 

 sheet," that is tacked on the wall near by. At the end of each week the 

 figures on the milk sheet are added, and the farmer knows just how 

 much milk each cow is giving him and whether there are any in the herd 

 which are not paying their board. 



References. — "Agriculture for Beginners," Burkett, Stevens & Hill, 

 p. 216; "First Principles of Agriculture," Vorhees, pp. 117-197; "Ele- 

 ments of Agriculture," Sever, p. 57 ; " Elements of Agriculture," Shep- 

 perd, chapters 15 and 22; "First Principles of Agriculture," Gofif & 

 Maine, pp. 154-176; "Agriculture Through the Laboratory, School and 

 Garden," Jackson & Dougherty, chapter 8 ; Junior Naturalist Monthly 

 No. 5, College of Agriculture, Cornell University; "The Dairy Herd," 

 Farmers' Bulletin No. 55, U. S. Dept. of Agr. ; " Care of Milk on the 

 Farm," Farmers' Bulletin No. 63, U. S. Dept. of Agr. ; " Rural School 

 Agriculture," Hays, p. 96 ; Longman's " Ship " Literary Reader HI, pp. 

 102 and 106; Murche's Science Reader VI, p. 202, "Northern Europe." 



\ i?:p'.~?!|11T^lir|^lf[^f^^SHEEP. °'"' :' ! ': ■ ' ^ ^'' ' ''" ■ 



Preliminary Work. — This lesson should not be given unless there are sheep in 

 the vicinity that may he studied. Perhaps the most natural iviray of arousing in- 

 terest in the sheep is to tell the stories of wild sheep; that these animals to-day 

 live on high mountains where there is scanty herbage ; however, they live in more 

 open places than those frequented by the mountain goat. When the flock rests a 

 sentinel is placed to watch for wolves or other enemies. Sheep live naturally 1 in 

 high altitudes, but during the lambing season they come down to lower and warmer 

 situations. When attacked by enemies their method of escape is not in a straight 

 away race, like the deer, but in following the leader to all sorts of diflficult moun- 

 tain places. Thus the instinct of following the leader blindly is the salvation of 

 the individual sheep. Consult "Camp Fires of a Naturalist," p. 134; "A Country 

 Reader," p. 98. 



LESSON CLXI. 



the physical adaptations of the sheep. 



Purpose. — To teach the pupil to think how the form of the sheep is 

 adapted to its life as a wild animal. 



