WILD FLOWERS OF NEW YORK 179 



Great-spurred or Selkirk's Violet 



Viola Selkirk a Pursh 



Plate 139a 



Leaves and scapes 2 to 4 inches high from a slender rootstock or stolon. 

 Leaf blades thin, crenate margined, ovate to suborbicular, deeply heart- 

 shaped, the basal lobes converging or overlapping; leaves small at flowering 

 time, when mature i to 2^ inches wide, smooth except for minute, spreading 

 hairs on the upper surface of the leaves. Flowers pale violet, not bearded, 

 the spur 2| to 4 lines long and much enlarged toward the rounded end. 



In shaded ravines and cool mountain forests, New Brunswick to Penn- 

 sylvania and Minnesota, north to Greenland. In central New York its 

 favorite habitat is the moss-covered rocks and boulders beneath limestone 

 cliffs and shaded by dense forests of mixed hardwoods and hemlock. Flow- 

 ering in April and May. 



Large-leaved White Violet 



Viola incognita Brainerd 



Plate 139b 



Foliage somewhat pubescent with soft, white hairs, especially when 

 young, upper leaf surfaces smooth. Leaves ascending from slender root- 

 stocks. Leaf blades at flowering time orbicular or reniform, two-thirds to 

 2 inches wide, abruptly short pointed at the apex, cordate at the base; 

 summer leaves with large, somewhat roughened blades, broadly ovate, 

 cordate with an open sinus, acute, 2 to 4 inches wide or larger. Flowers 

 white, on stalks as long as the leaves at flowering time, the lateral petals 

 bearded, the upper pair obovate; seeds brown. In summer the plants 

 produce numerous filiform runners. 



Mountainous and low, moist woodlands, Newfoundland to Dakota and 



south to Tennessee. 



The Kidney-leaved White Violet (Viola renifolia A. Gray) is 

 densely pubescent throughout, with reniform leaf blades which are dis- 

 tantly crenate-serrate on the margins and rounded at the apex; petals 

 white, all beardless, the three lower with brownish veins. In Arbor Vitae 



