209 



Red Kidney 



Synonyms. — Dwarf Green Pod, Improved Red Kidney, Large Red Kidney, 

 Red Turkey. 



History.-- Has been in cultivation in this country for at least fifty years. 



Coiiiparison. — A well-known field variety. Habit of plant is the same as 

 White Kidney. The pods are also much the same, diiTering only in being 

 slightly straighter at the stem end, slightly wider, and flatter. The seeds 

 (1.8 X I X .65 cm.) are entirely different, being much broader and deep 

 red in color. For dry-shell purposes the color of the seed is often con- 

 sidered a disadvantage. It is too tough and stringy to be of much use for 

 snap purposes, but excellent for green-shell purposes. The strain of Red 

 Kidnev known as Dwarf Green Pod has seeds of a lighter shade of red. 

 Plate II, fig. c5. 



Red Valentine 



Synonyms. — Buckbee's Early Wonder, Buist's Early Lightning Valentine, 

 Early Wonder Bush, Lightning Valentine, Wood's Early Red Speckled 

 Valentine. Such adjectives as improved, early, extra early, round-podded 

 and red-speckled are frequently used with the name Red Valentine, but 

 usually have no significance. 



Confusing names. — Black Valentine, Brown Speckled Valentine, Cream 

 Valentine, Giant Valentine and White Valentine are all different types from 

 Red Valentine. 



History. — ■ Has been in cultivation in this country for at least fifty years. 

 It has been greatly modified during this time. Up to about 1870 the type 

 was flat-podded. 



Description. — Plant strictly dwarf, 12 to 14 inches high, very erect, tree- 

 like, very compact, short jointed, vigorous, very hardy, early, very pro- 

 ductive. Branches wholly green. Leaflets medium in size, long, very narrow, 

 slightly crumpled, rough, medium green. Flowers white. Pods medium 

 in size, very uniform, 43^4 to 4^ inches long, round-broad in cross section, 

 creasebacked, gracefully curved, long curved point, five-seeded, medium 

 green, slightly string}^ very little fiber in walls, fleshy, very brittle, fine- 

 grained, of good quality, moderately attractive. Dry seeds (1.4 x .7 x .65 

 cm.) oblong, truncated at one or both ends, circular in cross section, irregu- 

 larly marked with fawn and deep red, the latter predominating. 



Comparison. — A standard green-podded variety. More extensively grown 

 than any other garden sort. It is characterized by its erect tree-like form. 

 The pods are held well up from the ground and in large clusters, greatly 

 facilitating picking. It is an extremely reliable sort and more nearly ap- 

 proaches the general purpose type than any other variety. It is resistant 

 to disease and will thrive well on any kind of soil. While the pods have 

 a slight string, they are free from fiber. Good keepers and may be 

 safely shipped long distances. Very suitable for canning and pickling, as 

 well as for general market purposes. Some stocks have become degenerated 

 and produce a large proportion of flattish pods. Plate I, fig. c^\ VII. fig. fi ; 

 X, fig. 9. 



Refugee 



Synonyms. — One Thousand-to-One Ciooo-i), Late Refugee, Round Pod 

 Refugee, Improved Refugee, Improved Round Pod Refugee, Brown Speckled 

 Valentine. 



Confusing names. — Early Refugee, Golden or Silver Refugee, Large or 

 Galega Refugee, Refugee Wax, and Stringless Refugee Wax arc all different 

 types from Refugee. 



History. — Catalogued by J. M. Thorburn & Co. as early as 1822. Now 

 listed by at least 115 seedsmen. 



Description. — Plant strictly dwarf, branches somewhat tendril-like, 16 tff 

 18 inches high, somewhat straggly, very vigorous, hardy, very late, verj 

 productive. Branches wholly green. Leaflets medium in size, narrow, long- 

 pointed, flat, smooth, light green. Flowers pink. Pods medium in size, 



