The Laundrv. 695 



Iron rust. 



a. Wet the stained part with borax and water, or ammonia, 

 and spread over a bowl of boiling water. Apply a ten per 

 cent solution of hydrochloric acid, drop by drop, until the stain 

 begins to brighten. Dip at once into water. If the stain does 

 not disappear, repeat the process. After the stain is removed, 

 rinse at once very thoroughly, using either borax or ammonia 

 in the rinse water. This is to neutralize any acid that may 

 linger. Stronger acids may be used if the operator is skillful. 



b. Proceed as above, using a ten per cent solution of oxalic acid 

 instead of hydrochloric acid. Oxalic acid is not so detrimental 

 to fabrics but it is a deadly poison even in this dilute solution 

 and should not be left around. 



c. Wet the stained part with a paste made of lemon juice, 

 salt, starch and soap, and expose to sunlight. This is a simple 

 method to employ, but takes longer and is often not effective. 



d. Javelle water may be used to remove iron rust, though its action 

 is slower than that of hydrochloric acid. Soak stain in Javelle 

 water for a few minutes, then wash. Repeat until stain dis- 

 appears. 



All these methods destroy color and unless care is taken will greatly 

 weaken the fabric. 



Ink. 



Ink is often difficult to remove as it varies so greatly in composition. 

 It is well to experiment with a corner of the spot before operating on 

 the whole. 



a. If the stain is fresh, soak in milk, using more milk, as the old 

 becomes discolored. 



b. Wet with cold water. Apply oxalic acid to stain, let stand a 

 few minutes and rinse. Repeat until stain disappears. Rinse 

 in water to which borax or ammonia has been added. 



c. Javelle water will remove some ink stains. Apply as for rust 

 stains. 



d. Treat with hydrochloric acid as for iron rust. 



e. Treat with lemon juice and salt as for iron rust. 



f. Alcohol will remove some ink stains. 



Milk is the only reagent given which does not remove color. 



Perspiration. 



a. Wash in soap-suds and place in sunshine. 



b. Javelle water, as directed for iron rust. 



c. Oxalic acid as directed for iron rust. 



Class VII. Stains. Solvents. 



Medicine, Iodine, Grass. Alcohol, Chloroform, Ether, 



Naphtha soap. Ammonia & 

 Medicine stains. water. Molasses, Paste of 



Soak in alcohol. soap & washing soda. 



