Teacher's Leaflet. 



823 



(6). What is the color of the last season's shoots? Are they dotted 

 with lenticels and if so what is their color? Are the twigs solid like 

 the branch from which they grew, or do they contain a pith? What 

 is the color of the inner part of the twig? 



(7). Draw, as well as you can, the outline of one of the leaf-scars, 

 putting in any dots or marks you may see inside it. What do you think 

 caused the dots in the leaf scar ? 



(8). Carefully note the shape and color of the winter buds. Are they 

 rounded, or egg-shaped, or long and conical, or at all flattened. Are 

 they smooth or woolly? Do they, grow in the axils of the leaves or at 

 the tips of the twigs or at both these points? Is there but a single bud 

 at a place or several bunched together? Are the bud-scales many or few? 



Facts for the Teacher. — When growing in a wood where they are obliged to reach 

 upward for the sunHght the trees are Hkely to grow too tall and slender to be 

 easily studied. 

 When freely de- 

 veloped in open 

 space the butter- 

 nut has usually 

 a short, thick 

 trunk, branching 

 near the ground 

 and spreading its 

 limbs abroad in 

 a rather spraw- 

 ling and scragg- 

 ly fashion. The 

 Black Walnut is 

 a tree of much 

 greater dignity 

 with a straight 

 and quite lofty 

 trunk slowly ta- 

 pering above the 

 lower branches 

 which are thrown 



out horizontally and are usually shorter, than the upper ones, which spread at a 

 wide angle, forming an open, spacious and very noble head. 



The trunks of both species are. grayish-brown and very rough, but the walnut 

 is much darker in color and is more prominently ridged and deeply furrowed, the 

 ridges tending to cross each other obliquely; the butternut has wider furrows and 

 narrow ridges, often quite smooth on the top; they are also more up-and-down 

 than those of the walnut. 



On large trees the main branches are rough but not so dark as the trunks; the 

 young branches are darker and smooth, with leaf-scars showing plainly; those just 



'1^ 



Photo by G. F. Morgan. 



Black Walnut in blossom. 



