Apple Orchard Survey of Niagara County. 



311 



Some of the essential points in pruning were given in Bulletin 226. 

 The first four here given are transcribed from that publication. 



1. The branches should be cut close to the main limb, 



2. Large limbs should not be removed unless necessary. 



3. Paint should be used on all large wounds, and renewed yearly until 

 the wounds are healed. 



4. Pruning should be done every year rather than give an occasional 

 thorough trimming. 



5. Thinning out the tops should be practiced regularly. 



6. Do not continually prune off the lowest branches. 



XVIII. Data on Pruning 



CHARACTER OF WORK. 



Character of work : 



Good 



Fair 



Poor or neglected 



None 



Frequency of pruning: 



Every year 



Every other year 



Every third year 



Infrequently 



Other features of pruning ; 



Tops too dense 



Tops too high 



NUMBER OF TREES PER ACRE 

 There has been great variation in the number of trees planted to 

 the acre. A few orchardists have planted as close as 22 x 22 feet, some 

 have put the trees as far apart as 50 x 50, but a majority have planted 

 at 36 X 36 or 40 X 40. The favorite distance has been 36 x 36. This 

 means 33.6 trees to the acre, a number which is far too many to fit in 

 with the best methods of modern orchard management. A glance at 

 Table XIX shows that 47.9^ of the area has been planted at 36 x 36 to 

 40 X 40 feet apart. In young orchards set since 1890, more attention 

 has been given to placing the trees at proper distances. N^one of the 

 newer orchards contained trees nearer than 31 x 31, while the largest 

 numbers were set at 35 x 35 or 36 x 36. It would be much better 

 if all the trees were set 40 to 45 feet apart. 



