Substitutes for Skimmed Milk in Raising Calves. 513 



S c li lima c her Calf Meal has been fully described in the report of the 

 work of 1907-8, page 500. 



Blatchford's Calf Meal has been described by Lindsey as noted on 

 page 498. It was purchased by this Station from J. W. Harwell, Wau- 

 kegan. 111., at four cents per pound delivered in Ithaca, N. Y. The 

 analysis of this meal as guaranteed by the manufacturers is: 



Protein 2^^^ 



Fat 5^ 



Methods of feeding 



The methods used in feeding in 1908-9 were much the same as in 

 1907-08. The dry grain was mixed according to the formula on page 

 497. Clean water and mixed hay were kept before the calves at all 

 times. The dry grain was weighed in 1908-9 for each individual calf, 

 whereas in 1907-8 the grain was weighed for a lot and then averaged 

 for the individuals. The hay was weighed for all the calves and then 

 averaged for each calf according to his age. The milk and gruel of all 

 kinds was weighed for each individual calf at each feed. 



In computing the cost of feed for each calf, the sarne prices were 

 charged for each food in 1908-9 as in 1907-8, in order to make compar- 

 isons more uniform. 



In 1907-8, some of the calves were troubled with scours. In order 

 to avoid this trouble, about one tablespoonful of blood flour was mixed 

 with each feed for each calf. The blood flour is sold by Swift and Com- 

 pany of Chicago, and under the name " Soluble Blood Flour." The 

 manufacturers state that this material, which is a by-product from the 

 abattoirs, will prevent scours. It is sold for $1.50 per hundred-weight, 

 and since the cost was so small no account has been taken of the cost 

 of the amount used. The effect of the blood flour on the digestion was 

 good, keeping the calves in good condition. The manufacturers state 

 that this blood flour contains 47;^ protein, so that as a food its effect 

 would be good on growing calves ; but in this experiment it was not 

 intended as a food but for the control of digestive troubles. 



The amounts of food eaten by the different lots of calves, together 

 with the cost of feed, total gain, and the cost of one pound of gain, are 

 given below for each group. The amounts of feed were kept for each 

 day's feeding, the totals were added at the end of each month, and the 

 sum of these totals for the five months from birth for each calf is given 

 in the tables. 

 17 



