PENNSYLVANIA. 175 



A report of the receipts and expenditures for the United States 

 funds has been rendered in accordance with the schedules prescribed 

 by this Department and has been approved. 



The Pennsylvania Station is broadening its work and facilities 

 and strengthening its organization. This has been made possible by 

 the increased appropriations from the State for the college of agri- 

 culture which the station has shared. The present organization of 

 the teaching, investigation, and institute work allows freedom for 

 the station investigations and experiments in a number of dejjart- 

 ments and affords opportunity for effectivelv placing the results 

 before the public. 



The Pennsylvania State College Institute of Animal Nutrition, State College. 

 H. P. Abmsby, Ph. D., LL. D., Director. 



As in previous years, the Institute of Animal Nutrition was con- 

 ducted in cooperation with the Bureau of Animal Industry of this 

 Department, a portion of the Adams fund of the station entering into 

 the cooperation. 



The principal part of the year's work was a continuation of the 

 experiments on the utilization of food by growing and fattening 

 steers, which Avas begun in cooperation with the Missouri Experi- 

 ment Station during the preceding year. Calorimeter experiments 

 were made with a steer representing a certain group, to make deter- 

 minations of availability of energ;^^ and to compare the results 

 obtained at the Missouri Station from analyses of the carcasses of the 

 steers. In addition three respiration calorimeter experiments upon 

 another steer were made to determine the energy value of corn stover. 



The institute has nearly ready for publication the results of an 

 investigation extending over three years upon the influence of age 

 and type on the utilization of energy by cattle. Experiments were 

 made on two animals, one a full-bred Aberdeen Angus, and the other 

 a scrub. These animals were purchased as yearlings and were under 

 nearly continuous observation for two and one-half years. The ex- 

 periments failed to show any material influence of the type of animal 

 or its age upon the actual physiological process of nutrition. The 

 principal difference lx4ween the two animals lay in their maintenance 

 requirements. For the pure-bred aninuil this averaged 5.1 therms of 

 available energy per 500 kilograms live weight, which is the smallest 

 amount thus far reported in any of the experiments. The mainte- 

 lumce requirement of the scrub in proportion to the surface of the 

 aninuil was 7 therms, a flgure approaching the maximum thus far 

 ()bser\ed. 



A study of the feeding records of the aninuils in the periods inter- 

 vening between the respiration calorimeter experiments, including 



