LIVE STOCK breeders' ASSOCIATION. 197 



Were we obliged to store air in bins, as we do grain, to contain the 

 amount required for a man for a single day would necessitate building 

 one 8 feet on every edge; for a horse there would be required one 15 

 feet; for a cow one 14 feet; for a pig one 10 feet; for a sheep one 9 

 feet ; and even for a single hen there would be required a bin 3 by 3 

 by 3 feet to contain the amount of air she breathes during a single day, 



Stating the amounts of air required daily in still a different way, 

 let us suppose that it were necessary to pump it from the ground as we 

 now draw v/ater; then to supply the needs of one man it would be 

 necessary to pump and bring to him each day 1,275 pails full, such 

 as will hold 21 pounds of water; to supply the needs of a horse there 

 would have to be drawn 10,203 ^^^11 pails; for the cow, 8,412 pails; for 

 the pig, 3,309 pails; for the sheep, 2,178 pails; and for one hen of aver- 

 age size there would have to be drawn no less than 75 full pails of air to 

 meet her daily needs, 



AIR ONCE BREATHED NOT FIT TO BREATHE AGAIN UNLESS DILUTED. 



As the air leaves the lungs it has been so largely depleted of the 

 oxygen which it carries and is so highly charged with carbonic acid gas 

 that a burning candle will be extinguished when lowered into it. 

 This may be readily demonstrated by breathing through a tube into a 

 wide-mouth pint bottle and then lowering a lighted taper into it, for it will 

 then be quickly extinguished. If one takes an ordinary tubular lantern and 

 gently passes air from the lungs through a tube into the supply tube 

 above the lantern globe the flame will be quickly extinguished. So, 

 too, will it be extinguished if a lighted match is held beneath the draft 

 flue above the lantern globe. In this case the burning match withdraws 

 the oxygen from the air in the same manner as is done when the air 

 is breathed and the flame is extinguished for want of it. 



Besides the removal of oxygen from the air and the substitution 

 of carbon dioxide in its stead, there is also thrown off from the system 

 through the lungs a large amount of moisture and marsh gas, some 

 ammonia and other gaseous products, some of wdiich are poisonous. 

 Brown-Sequard as long ago as 1887 condensed the products of res- 

 piration by passing them through water and succeeded in obtaining 

 therefrom a poisonous product which, when injected into the blood of 

 a rabbit, caused death. He at that time was inclined to look upon this 

 body as one of the poisonious alkaloids. If in a stable provided with 

 a ventilating shaft, which is serving a large number of animals, one 

 places himself so that he must breathe the air passing up the shaft, the 

 air will be found to be very oppressive and often to the extent of pro- 

 ducing nausea. So, too, in a closely built stable housing a considerable 



