Sept.. 1921.] YASUI:— ON THE BEHAVIOR OF CHROMOSOMES 155 



sometimes 3. Petals 4-6, scarlet with a dark jourple patch at the base 

 of each petal. The patch greatly varies in size and the depth of 

 colour. Stamen deep purple. Capsule glabrous, glaucous, with deep 

 violet stigma. 



In 1919 three individuals derived from the culture in the 

 Botanic Garden of the College of Science, Tokyo Imperial University 

 were used for the pollen parents. Flowers of these individuals were 

 also selfed, and the seeds were sown in the autumn of the same 

 year. Almost all S^ plants flowered in 1921. 



Papaver somnifei-um L. Annual herb. Plant glaucous, glabrous ; 

 leaves broad, oblong, lobed and waved, with glaucous hue, broadly 

 cordate at the base and clasp the stem. Sepals 2 ; corolla double or 

 single ; petal laciniate or entire, white or coloured. Anther pale 

 yellowish with white filament. Stigma yellowish white. 



In 1916 Professor Fujii got some 10 different kinds of seeds of 

 cultivated P. somniferum from the town Sukagawa, Pukushima 

 Prefecture, through Mr. R. Endo, which were used as materials for 

 genetical experiments. Since then through 3 or 4 generations, which 

 were selfed or crossed, 20 or more races have been secured concerning 

 the following characteristics of the flower : 



Doubleness or singleness of corolla, 



Laciniated or entire petals, 



Presence or absence of red pigment in the petal, 



Presence or absence of violet pigment in the petal, 



Presence or absence of purple patch at the base of the petal. 



Fj plants in the present paper were raised from seeds got by 

 the crossings : 



1. Papaver somniferum L. (white doi:ble)xP. orientale L. 



2. Papaver somniferum L. (white single) X P. orientale L. 



3. Papaver somniferum L. (red double, without purple patch at 



the base of petals) X P. orientale L. 

 Fixing and staining. Material for' cytological studies were fixed 

 with Flemming's stronger solution and Benda's solution, the latter 

 being found preferable to the former. For the staining of sections 

 were mostly used Heidendain's iron-alum-haematox\-lin and Flem- 

 ming's triple staining method. 



External Characters of F, Plant 



According to FoCKE (1881), Broussonet's record on the 

 Papaver hybrids is the first one on Papaver hybrids. Focke des- 



