68 THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. [voi. xxvi. No. ooa. 



Kishumikan, a race of Tacbihana. The fruits are equally 

 as large as those of the above two, about 4-5 cm in diameter. 

 The rind and pulp are together of a reddish yellow. The rind 

 is smooth and thicker than those of the above two, about 

 2-3 mm. The pulp has a slightl^^ acid taste. It has been cul- 

 tivated in the province of " kishu " for the past 300 years, 

 hence the origin of its name. 



Unshumikan, a race of Tachibana. It is said that the na- 

 tive land of this race is Wen-chow, Che-kiang in China, from 

 which the name originated, while some imagine that it is a 

 selected form of Kishumikan. The fruits are the largest and 

 sweetest amon<y the four kinds of mandarins and are much 

 esteemed by the Japanese. 



The diameter of the fruit measures 5-8 cm, and the thick- 

 ness of its rind is about 3-10 mm. The rind sometimes pro- 

 duces many clumps on its surface. The pulp-vesicles, in most 

 cases, do not contain seeds, on account of degeneration in their 

 pollen grain, ^' but they become prolific, when crossed with 

 seeded mandarins. ^^ 



Truly mandarins are fond of a mild climate, and therefore 

 flourish well in Southern Japan, The}' are scarcely cultivated 

 in the North beyond the Ibaraki prefecture. 



Kishumikan and Unshumikan are mostly cultivated in the 

 provinces of "Kishu," " Suruga " and " Higo." They are 

 cultivated also in Tokj'o and its vicinity, but they do not pro- 

 duce sood fruit. On the contrarv, we find in these districts 

 Fukuremikan and Kojimikan flourishing, and here they are more 

 esteemed on account of their earlier ripening than the two 

 varieties above. 



In my present paper I intend to compare the variations of 

 the seeds and pulp-vesicles in the above four kinds of manda- 

 rins, and also to investigate the local and annual influences 

 upon the variation of vesicles ; shortly to show the difference 



1) I. Ot^AWA : .Studies on the paithenocarpy of citrus fruit. Jour, of tlie scient. 

 agric. society. 1911. No. 104. - 



2) T. Ikeda: Ou the parthenocarpy of citrus fruit, ditto. No. 60 &, 63. 1904 

 Second report: 1906. No. 70. 



