May. 1919.] 1. NAGAl .—GEMMM OF MARCHANTIA. 101 



In some instance, the treatment failed to induce adventitious 

 growth, but in no case untreated gemmae were able to grow except at 

 already fixed growing-point. Even in those gemm^ a marked difference 

 between the old and newly grown parts could be observed by the 

 distribution of starch in the chloroplasts. In the latter very little of it 

 was detected whereas in the former in abundunce, so that by iodine 

 tincture, the latter was stained black. 



It was interesting to see that there exists a definite relationship 

 between the adventitious and apical growth. When the gemma was 

 successfully treated a large number of cells begun a vigorous adventi- 

 tious growth, so that the entire surface was covered with filamentous 

 thalli, and in turn the apical growth was almost entirely suppressed. 

 When a small number of cells were induced to grow adventitiously, the 

 apical growth was inhibited only partially. Thus the correlation in 

 growth at the growing-point and the surface is held in quantitative 

 manner. 



The amount of reserve material on which the initial growth of the 

 gemmae depends, seems to be quantitatively limited and the growth at 

 one direction is dispensed with the other as much as it is consumed. 

 Here correlation is of quantitative nature and that was called by 

 GoEBEL " Kompensation." Recently Loeb (1918) on the detached leaf 

 of Bryophyllum calycinum and Appleman (1918) on the potato tuber 

 observed the similar quantitative relation between growth and the 

 substance. 



The well grown thalli of Marchantia sp. were collected in the later 

 part of September and cultivated in the pot. On Oct. 9, 1914, the 

 gemmae were taken from them and treated by the following solutions : 



Hypertonic solutions : 



(1) CaCNOs^a '^^%- (2) NaHoPO^ \0%. (3) MgSOi 10^. 



(4) KNO3 \0%. (5) NaCl 20^. (6) Control, without treatment. 



Hypotonic nutrient solution : Knop's solution 0.^%. 



The condition of geramai on Oct. 20th is given in Tables I— VI. 

 Sign ( + ) in third column indicates the degree of apical growth 

 according to the number of signs, and {< — >) designates the direction 



of growth to both directions, ( >) only to one direction; (A) 



designates the large ribbon-like growth. 



