86 



GUTTIFER^. 



peculs Bangkok in 1875 no less than 846 poculs, value 48,835 dollars; 

 irom baigon tliere have of late been shipped from SO to 40 peculs 

 annually (one pecul ^ 133-3 lbs. = 60479 kilogrammes)/ 



. Uses—Gamboge is a drastic purgative, seldom administered except 

 m combination with other substances. 



Adulteration— The Cambojans adulterate gamboge with rice flour, 

 sand, or the pulverized bark of the tree/ which substances maybe 

 easily detected in the residue left after exhausting the drug successively 

 by spmt of wme and cold water. 



Other Sources of Gamboge— Although the gamboge of European 

 commerce appears to be exclusively derived from the form of the plant 

 named at the head of this article, Garcinia travancorica Beddome,i3 

 capable ol yielding a similar drug which may be collected to some 

 small extent for local use, but not for exportation. It is a beautiful 

 %nnn . . fo^thern forests of Travancore and the Tinnevelly Ghats 

 Iti 1 t'^^ ^'^^*)- According to its discoverer Lieut. Beddome/it 



yields an abundance of bright yellow gamboge. 



OLEUM GARCINIiE. 



Concrete Oil of Mangosteen, Kokum Baiter. 



/?wf-^*^"'''•^^?"f!''— ^^'^^^'^^'^^ ^'^^i(^^ Choisy ( a. purpurea "^0^^- 

 fnTfT ^ii^ica Dup. Th.), an elegant tree with drooping brancks 

 s^.n f i^'^'^'^.^T^"' It bears a smooth round fi'uit the size of a 

 ranv .? S ' <jntaming an acid purple pulp in which are lodged a 



STdilkL '"'"^'V J^" *^^^ ^^ ^ "'^ti^^ of the coast region of Western 

 India known as the Concan, lying between Daman and Goa. 



History 



\) as kDO^^'n 



to thp P.w„ r^ iiientioned by (Jarcia d'Urta (ioOcij a^ i^- 



has a nleaw'f f ^.T ^^ ^^' ^^^^^ '^ Brindones. He states that ^t 

 and furfcfK f^tf *^?S^ ^^^T «o^r, and that it is used in dje^Dgj 

 succeS n- *^t VI ''''''' ^^ ^^ke a sort of vinegar. Sever^ 



wTth reSin. f v' ^^' ^^""'^^ ^^^ ^^y) l^ave contente^d themselves 

 wicn repeating this account ^ 



till tbout^the^'vi' ^fi^jf ^ I ^^^'y «^^' ^^ ^^ ^o reference to such fact 

 that an oil of t-r f^^ '^^'^ ^^ ^^« stated in an Indian newsp«P 

 terate .bee Ln.M Tf^ '^ T^^ ^^^^^^^ ^t Goa and often used to ad ; 

 of fome exte ^ A l^ ^^^ afterwards pointed out as the result 

 well Sapted fn^r • t ^^'' °^^ ^^« ^f an agreeable bland taste ^ 

 was tZt'rCVltt.^^T^l..A !t,ort article on Kokum Bu^ J 



^ vcu .n.o tne r/iaiwcacopwia of India of 1868. , 



or oblon^a^ uSlW^n!;' '''^' J'"^ reniform, somewhat crescent-sliapf 



., lateially compressed and wiinkled, ^ to ^^ of an inch lo^'c 



SiapoTli{t9.^^-^- ^'^'^^-G^^neral in ^Fig.Beniley andTvimeu, Medic Pl^ 



Spenser St. John, op. c/<. part 31 (1878). , ^ P^^iaj 



tab^T? '^^^'^•'^«' Madras/part XV (1872^ _;Q"oted by Graham, Calal "' «""* 

 tao. 1<3, 'P*" XV. (18/2) Plants, 1S39. 25. 



^Pharm, Journ. xi. (1852) 65, 



