SUCCUS GLYCYERHIZ^. 183 



SUCCUS GLYCYRRHIZ^. 



Exti 



>/ 



if{ 



Botanical Origin — Glycyrrhiza glabra L., see preceding article, 

 p. 179. 



History — Inspissated liquorice juice Avas known in the time of 

 Dioscorides, and mav be traced in the writino-s of Oribasius and 



Marcellus Empiricus in the latter half of the 4th century, and in those 

 of Paulus JEgineta in the 7th. It appears to have been in common use 

 ill Europe during the middle ages. In A.D. 1 2G4, "Liquorice" is charged 

 in the Wardrobe A^ccounts of Henry III.;^ and as the article cost 3c?. 

 I'er Ib.j or the same price as grains of paradise and one-third that of 

 cinnamon, we are warranted in supposing the extract and not the mere 

 root is intended. Again, in the Patent of Pontage granted by Edward 

 1., A.D. 1.305, to aid in repairing the London Bridge, permission is given to 

 Jay toll on various foreign commodities including Liquorice^ A political 

 song written in 1486^ makes mention of Liquorice as a production of 

 ^paiu, but the plant is not named as an object of cultivation by Herrera, 

 the author of a work on Spanish agriculture in 1513. 

 _ Saladinus,^ who wrote about the middle of the loth centuiy, names 

 it among the wares kept by the Italian apothecaries ; and it is enumer- 

 ated in a Hst of drugs of the city of Frankfort written about the year 

 1450.' 



Dorsten," in the first half of the 16th century, mentions the 

 hquorice plant as abundant in many parts of Italy, and describes the 

 ffiethod of making the Succiis by crushing and boiling the fresh root, 

 -^'lattioh^ states that the juice made into pastiMi was brought every year 

 ijom Apulia, and especially from the neighbourhood of Monte Gargano. 

 /Xtraot of liquorice was made at Bamberg in Germany, where the plant 

 ' «tiil largely cultivated, as early as 1500.8 



Manufacture— This is conducted on a large scale in Spain, Southern 

 "aiice, Sicil}^, Calabria, Austria, Southern Russia (Astracan and Kasan), 

 ^reece (Patras) and Asia Minor (Sokia and Nazli, near Smyrna); but 

 ^■^e extract with which Euo-land is supplied is almost exclusively the 

 P^-oduce of Calabria, Sicily and Spain. ' 



int 11- P^'^^^^''* of manufacture varies only by reason of the amount of 

 tioT T^^® with which it is performed, and the greater or less perfec- 

 j. M the apparatus employed. As witnessed by one of us (H.) at 

 , ' ,^"J m Calabria in May, 1872, it may be thus described from notes 

 fem 1 ^^^^ *^^^®- The factory employs about GO persons, male and 

 "^^'e. The root having been taken from the ground the previous 



ii. dSfiff'^', o^""'- ''floriculture and Prices, « Fliickiger. Die Franlcfarter Li8te,lU\\&, 



^ Ckr\ "^ ?■ 1873, page 10, No. 204. 



' "^^riXi n^^°'''^''>'^'-klye, 1827. 155. « Bofanicoii, Franco!. 1540. 17^. 



t^Wter of .V ^5^'^«^ ^oe,m and Sonm ? Conwi. in lib. i>/osc. , Basil, l^-^- 485. 



* Comlr ^^^® series), ii. (1861) IC'O. « Gmncr, Horti Germanici, Argent. 1561. 



U88. ^'^«»«'« Aromatariorum, Bonon. 257, b. 



