188 LEGUMINOS^. 



Marseilles. From the French possessions on the Senegal, 24 millions of 

 kilogr. were exported in 1876, 



The oil is exported from India where the ground-nut is also cultivatcJ, 

 though not on so large a scale as in Western Africa. In Europe it is 

 manufactured chiefly at Marseilles, London, Hamburg and Berlin. The 

 jneld of the seeds varies from 42 to nearly 50 per cent. The softness 

 of the seeds greatly facilitates their exhaustion, whether by mechanical 

 power or by the action of bisulphide of carbon or other solvent. 



Uses — Good arachis oil may be employed in pharmacy in the same 

 way as olive oil, for which it is a valuable substitute, though more 

 prone to rancidit}^. It has been introduced into the Pharmacopeia oj 

 India, and is generally used instead of olive oil iu the Indian GoYern- 

 ment establishments. Its largest application is for industrial purposes, 

 especially in soap-makino-. 



RADIX ABRI. 



Indian Liquorice ; F. Liane a veglisse, Reglisse d'Am^riqae. 



Botanical Origin— ^6)'us prGcatorius L., a twining woody slmib^ 

 indigenous to India, but now found in all tropical countries. 



""■'"'" Sanskrit medical writings 



1 r.A in 



ployed m 

 " ho 



called it Fhaseolus glycyrrUtes. As a substitute for liquorice, the roo i'.^ 

 been often employed by residents in the tropical countries ot boi 

 hemispheres. It was introduced into the Bengal PharmacoiJOiui. ot !»* - 

 and into the Pharmacopoeia of India of 1868. , ^ 



to a 



Description— The root is long, woody, tortuous and branching- ^^ 

 stoutest piece in our possession is as thick as a man's finger, but « ^^ 

 ot it is much more slender. The cortical layer is extremely thin am ^ 

 a light brown or almost reddish hue. The woody part breaks avi _^ 

 short fibrous fractui-e exhibiting a light yellow interior. The i-o'>\"^ ^ 

 peculiar, disagreeable odour, and a bitterish acrid flavour leaM"^^^ 

 faintly sweet after-taste. When cut into short lengths it has a s o^^ 

 resemblance to lictuorice, but may easily be distinguished by mea"^ 

 the microscope. , ^f 



Mr. Moodeen Sheriff,^ who says he has often examined the roo _^^ 

 Ahrus both fresh and dried, remarks that it is ftir from ahouiKUi^^^^ 

 sugar as generally considered ;— that it does not possess any ^^^^^ ,^-^^ 

 at all until it attains a certain size, and that even then its sweet i^ 



Plllf !" ^o"*^^-^"^^ '■^''■""">' Medicinal den, Ceylon, and to Mr ^^estoe^f 



"t'Jr '? <^^"\^- Botanical Garden. Trimdad. ^^^^ g^j 



hu7t%.T ILI^^ Pharmacopeia of named gentleman remarks-- i ven 



M; sentT' ^^^?- ^^— '^^^ ^^*^«^ J^^« '-^"y 15a"orice property m the roo - „ 



are IL in.l?f Tf '"'^"^«^ ^^'^ ^^'^t. We fresh, but it is very strong m 



Mr 1 wS f 1°' ^^"thentic samples to leavek " 

 Mr. ihwaitcs of the Royal Botanical Gar- 



