obtained in a state of purity, 

 Rottlerin^ forms minute, platy, 



KAMALA. 575 



F- 



two brittle reddish yellow resins, of which the one is more easily soIul>Ie 

 and fuses at 80° C, and the other dissolves less readily and fu«'>s at 

 191°. Both dissolve in alkaline solutions, and can be precipitatod by 

 acids without apparent change. 



Anderson found that a concentrated ethereal solution of kamala 

 allowed to stand for a few days, solidified into a mass of izranular 

 crystals, which by repeated solution and crystallization in ether were 



This substance, named by Anderson 

 ^ ' yellow crystals of a fine satiny lustie, 

 readily soluble in ether, sparingly in cold alcohol, more so in hot, and 

 insoluble in water. The mean of four analyses gave the composition of 

 rottlerin as C^^H^OQ". 



We have been able to confirm the foregoing observations so far as 

 that we have obtained an abundance of minute acicular crystals, by 

 allowing an ethereal solution of kamala to evaporate spontaneously to 

 a syrupy state. But the purification of these crystals, which was also 

 attempted by our friend Mr. T. B. Groves,' was unsuccessful, for wljcn 

 freed from the protecting mother-liquor, they underwent a change and 

 assumed an amorphous form. We have, on the other hand, succeeded 

 in isolating the crystals from the " Kamalin," as sold by E. Merck of 

 Darmstadt. By fusing them with caustic potash we obtained paraoxy- 

 benzoic acid (see page 408). 



Uses— The drug is administered for the expulsion of tapeworm ; it 

 has also been used as an external application in herpes vircivvUn^. 

 In India it is employed for dyeing silk a rich orange-brown. 



Adulteration— Kamala is very liable to adulteration with earthy 

 substances, even to the extent of 60 per cent. This contamination may 

 easily be known by the grittiness of the drug, and by a portion ot it 

 sinking when it is stirred up with water, but in the most decisive 

 manner bv incineration. Sometimes kamala contains an undue pro- 

 portion of foreign vegetable matter, as remains of the capsules, lea\es^ 

 etc., which can partly be separated by a lawn sieve. We have met 

 with a large quantity of very impure Kamala in the London market 

 (1878), which was offered for cleaning polished metallic surfaces. 



form of so-called kamala was 



which was either 100, 50, or 25 Turkish ounces. 



supplies, in all 13G lb., could be obtained. i„ nf a decn 



TU.' !...,» „.„„ L „.„,.... ^nvfl^lps than kamala, ot a deep 



inci„o.ii„n 12 po. ce„t of ash. ^^^ X:^:^^^^m 



1 « c. • r, nne of us in Pharm. Jonm. ix. (18G8) 2<9, 



■ See Science Pnper.<>, 78. ^'^f,''' ^A mit<, 



« Yearbook of Pharmacy, 1872. 599. ^'^^^ wood-cuts. 



^ It has been particularly described by 



