FRUCTUS PIPERIS NIGRI. 581 



1 

 d 



Of this quantity, the Straits Settlements supplied 25,000,000 lb., m< 

 British India 250,000 lb. Of the quantity of 25,917,0701b, importcc 

 in 187G into Great Britain, the home consumption was 9 million lb. 



The exports of pepper from the United Kingdom in 1872 amounted 

 to 17.891,620 lb., the largest quantity being taken by Germany 

 (5,201,574 lb.) Then follows Italy (2,288,647 lb.) ; and Russia, Holland 

 and Spain, each of which took more than a million pounds.' 



The varieties of pepper quoted in price-currents arc Malabar, A I'ppre 



and Cochin, Penang, Singapore, Siam. _ . 



A large quantity is also shipped from Singapore to China, the mi- 

 ports of that country in 1877 of both black and white pepper, being 



53,844 peculs (7,179,200 lb.) 



Uses— Pepper is not of much importance as a medicine, and is 

 rarely if ever prescribed, except indirectly as an ingredient of some 

 preparation. 



Adulteration— Whole pepper is not, we believe, liable in Europe 

 to adulteration ;2 but the case is widely different as regards the pulver- 

 ized spice. Notwithstanding the enormous penalty of £100 ,-,\ I 

 the manufacturer, possessor, or seller of adulterated pepper is liable, and 

 the low cost of the article, ground pepper has hithertx) been trcquentlN 

 sophisticated by the addition of the starches of cereals and potatoes, oi 

 sago, mustard husks, linseed and capsicum. The adimxture ol these 

 substances may for the most part be readily detected, after some 

 practice, by the microscope.* 



White Pepper 



l^i-uised m\ basketNvith the hand till all the staiKs .uu ,«.. 



removed. rr i km, prrv on the Malabar 



The finest white pepper is obtained from Telhcheiry o ^^^ .^^ 



Coast, but only in sniall quantity. The ""JF^.^^^^r f' \L export of 

 preparation are the Straits Settlements, chieHy ^^^^^, ^^^^^ ^^ ^,,p 



white pepper from Singapore in 1877 Yf ^^.^^i^ s eeme'd. In Europe, 

 spiee finds its way to China, where it is ^^^S^^^J^rred 

 pepper in its natural state is with good reason pielerrea. 



' Annual Statement of the Trcuh of the * ^f A^TsS'.' ST Evans, rharm. 



U.K. for 1872. 59. 125.-' , f'^ J' i^JsCO) C05. ,.. , . , • 



^; According to Moodeeu Sh^i-lS {Suppl. to '^''^'X^.l, in nvtkhlarhm Aicolai. .-.^IM- 



fjiarm. of I }Hlm, 134) the hemes oiEmbeUa ^"'^ ., 



(Samara) Ifibes, order Myr&inece, are said to verso. ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^v.oiei, page 5i J, u. v>-h 



be sometimes used for adulterating black ..,.,„ ml Hi 2-24. 



pepper in the Indian bazaars. ''*^"^' 

 ' By the 59 George III. c 53 § 22 (1819). 



