﻿178 
  JOURNAL 
  OF 
  THE 
  WASHINGTON 
  ACADEMY 
  OF 
  SCIENCES 
  VOL. 
  12, 
  NO. 
  7 
  

  

  group 
  a 
  NNE-SSW 
  strike 
  is 
  found 
  on 
  Great 
  Kei, 
  while 
  farther 
  west 
  

   a 
  NNW-SSE 
  strike 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  Ceram 
  has 
  been 
  observed. 
  The 
  

   strike 
  on 
  Great 
  Kei 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  western 
  New 
  Guinea, 
  where 
  

   the 
  strike 
  is 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  coast 
  line 
  (NNW 
  and 
  NW). 
  

  

  As 
  far 
  as 
  known 
  the 
  main 
  strike 
  in 
  different 
  parts 
  of 
  Halmaheira 
  

   Island 
  does 
  not 
  greatly 
  differ 
  from 
  the 
  longer 
  axes 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  penin- 
  

   sulas. 
  But 
  as 
  the 
  island 
  has 
  been 
  crossed 
  at 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  places 
  and 
  as 
  

   eruptive 
  rocks 
  are 
  of 
  widespread 
  occurrence, 
  positive 
  opinions 
  on 
  the 
  

   tectonic 
  relations 
  are 
  not 
  warranted. 
  

  

  THE 
  OLDER 
  OVERTHRUSTS 
  STUDIED 
  IN 
  PROFILE 
  

  

  The 
  great 
  deformation 
  that 
  took 
  place 
  during 
  late 
  Mesozoic 
  and 
  

   Tertiary 
  time, 
  and 
  now 
  so 
  well 
  exhibited 
  on 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  islands 
  was 
  

   caused 
  by 
  strong 
  pressure 
  exerted 
  from 
  several 
  different 
  directions 
  and 
  

   the 
  structures 
  that 
  were 
  developed 
  show 
  the 
  imbrication 
  and 
  the 
  dif- 
  

   ferent 
  degrees 
  of 
  overthrusting 
  characteristic 
  of 
  Alpine 
  mountain 
  ranges. 
  

   This 
  structural 
  type 
  is 
  probably 
  of 
  widespread 
  occurrence, 
  since 
  it 
  has 
  

   already 
  been 
  proved 
  or 
  rendered 
  highly 
  probable 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  present 
  on 
  

   Sumatra 
  and 
  on 
  many 
  islands 
  of 
  the 
  Timor-Ceram 
  range. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  

   suggested 
  that 
  the 
  highest 
  and 
  the 
  lower 
  eastern 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  Barissan 
  

   mountains 
  in 
  Djambi 
  (Sumatra) 
  are 
  parts 
  of 
  an 
  overthrust 
  sheet, 
  

   between 
  which 
  the 
  autochthonous 
  phyllitic 
  slates 
  have 
  been 
  uncovered 
  

   by 
  erosion. 
  An 
  erosion 
  relict 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Bukit 
  Raja. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Highlands 
  of 
  Padang 
  the 
  walls 
  of 
  Carboniferous 
  or 
  Permian 
  

   limestone 
  in 
  places 
  continue 
  uninterruptedly 
  without 
  any 
  trans- 
  

   gression-conglomerates 
  and 
  without 
  veins 
  of 
  granite 
  or 
  contact 
  phe- 
  

   nomena 
  over 
  the 
  contact 
  between 
  granites 
  and 
  surrounding 
  sediments, 
  

   whereas 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  granites 
  is 
  post-Carboniferous 
  in 
  age. 
  These 
  

   limestones 
  give 
  to 
  the 
  landscape 
  a 
  peculiar 
  character 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  "Klippen" 
  of 
  the 
  Alps 
  and 
  the 
  Carpathian 
  mountains 
  and 
  the 
  

   "fatus"=^ 
  of 
  Timor. 
  

  

  On 
  Timor 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  the 
  isolated 
  rock 
  peaks 
  consist 
  of 
  coral 
  reefs 
  

   of 
  Upper 
  Triassic 
  age, 
  but 
  Permian 
  crinoidal 
  and 
  fusulina 
  lime 
  stones 
  

   are 
  common. 
  Groups 
  of 
  deposits 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  age, 
  but 
  of 
  different 
  

   paleontological, 
  and 
  petrographical 
  character, 
  occur 
  one 
  on 
  top 
  of 
  

   the 
  other 
  and 
  "fatus" 
  of 
  older 
  rocks 
  are 
  found 
  resting 
  on 
  younger 
  

   oceanic 
  deposits, 
  as 
  is 
  clearly 
  visible 
  along 
  the 
  deep 
  ravines 
  cut 
  in 
  the 
  

   recently 
  elevated 
  island. 
  The 
  structure 
  is 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  chaotic 
  and 
  is 
  

   similar 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  higher 
  overthrust 
  sheets 
  of 
  eastern 
  Switzerland, 
  

  

  ^ 
  Isolated 
  rocks 
  or 
  groups 
  of 
  rocks 
  in 
  Timor 
  are 
  called 
  "fatu" 
  by 
  the 
  natives. 
  

  

  