﻿OCT. 
  4, 
  1922 
  STEINER 
  AND 
  HEINLY 
  : 
  CONTROL 
  OF 
  INJURIOUS 
  NBMAS 
  

  

  381 
  

  

  Fig. 
  8. 
  The 
  Rhahditis 
  refered 
  to 
  in 
  Fig. 
  7 
  as 
  it 
  was 
  

   released 
  after 
  having 
  been 
  partly 
  sucked. 
  

   Notice 
  that 
  the 
  skin 
  of 
  the 
  emptied 
  part 
  re- 
  

   mained. 
  

  

  digestive 
  fluids, 
  and 
  they 
  also 
  throw 
  light 
  on 
  the 
  way 
  the 
  mononch 
  

  

  swallows, 
  and 
  the 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  dorsal 
  tooth 
  of 
  the 
  mouth 
  cavity. 
  

  

  Incidents 
  of 
  the 
  kind 
  just 
  described 
  seem 
  only 
  possible 
  if 
  the 
  tooth, 
  

  

  during 
  the 
  act 
  of 
  swallowing, 
  is 
  protruded 
  to 
  such 
  a 
  degree 
  that 
  its 
  

  

  point 
  cannot 
  harm 
  the 
  prey. 
  Very 
  probably, 
  the 
  latter 
  was 
  caught 
  by 
  

  

  the 
  tail-end, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  act 
  of 
  seizing, 
  the 
  tooth 
  was 
  protruded 
  and 
  the 
  

  

  tail 
  glided 
  into 
  the 
  mouth 
  

  

  cavity. 
  In 
  most 
  cases 
  the 
  

  

  prey 
  is 
  seized 
  at 
  some 
  other 
  

  

  part 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  as 
  Figs. 
  7-8 
  

  

  show. 
  In 
  this 
  case 
  not 
  onl}^ 
  

  

  the 
  body 
  fluid 
  is 
  sucked 
  out, 
  

  

  but 
  also 
  a 
  large 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  intestine. 
  Fig. 
  8 
  shows 
  the 
  

  

  prey 
  after 
  release, 
  the 
  skin 
  

  

  remaining. 
  

  

  The 
  chief 
  organ 
  of 
  the 
  

   mononch 
  functioning 
  dur- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  act 
  of 
  swallowing 
  was 
  undoubtedly 
  the 
  oesophagus. 
  The 
  

   contractions 
  of 
  its 
  radial 
  muscles 
  were 
  vigorous; 
  they 
  began 
  at 
  the 
  

   mouth 
  cavity 
  and 
  ran 
  down 
  the 
  oesophagus 
  so 
  quickly 
  

   that 
  at 
  first 
  they 
  seemed 
  instantaneous. 
  But 
  more 
  

   careful 
  observations 
  showed 
  that 
  each 
  contraction 
  

   first 
  began 
  around 
  and 
  behind 
  the 
  mouth 
  and 
  then 
  

   ran 
  back 
  to 
  the 
  intestine. 
  This 
  contraction 
  of 
  the 
  

   oesophageal 
  radial 
  muscles 
  was 
  accompanied 
  by 
  a 
  

   shortening 
  of 
  the 
  entire 
  organ, 
  and 
  the 
  whole 
  intestine 
  

   during 
  the 
  act 
  of 
  swallowing 
  moved 
  back 
  and 
  forth. 
  

   As 
  soon 
  as 
  the 
  radial 
  muscles 
  contracted, 
  the 
  oesopha- 
  

   gus 
  apparently 
  shortened 
  and 
  the 
  forward 
  movement 
  

   of 
  the 
  cardiac 
  region 
  was 
  easily 
  seen. 
  When 
  contrac- 
  

   tion 
  ceased, 
  the 
  oesophagus 
  assumed 
  its 
  normal 
  shape 
  

   and 
  the 
  cardiac 
  region 
  and 
  intestine 
  moved 
  backwards. 
  

   The 
  mouth 
  cavity 
  did 
  not 
  serve 
  as 
  a 
  place 
  for 
  

   out 
  completely 
  macerating 
  food, 
  biit 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  as 
  a 
  suction 
  capsule, 
  

   the 
  remaining 
  Together 
  with 
  the 
  lips 
  and 
  the 
  attached 
  muscles, 
  it 
  

   skin. 
  may 
  seize 
  and 
  retain 
  the 
  prey, 
  but 
  our 
  knowledge 
  of 
  

  

  the 
  whole 
  apparatus 
  was 
  not 
  sufficient 
  to 
  completely 
  

   understand 
  its 
  function. 
  The 
  dorsal 
  tooth 
  was 
  certainly 
  protruded 
  

   as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  whole 
  cavity 
  was 
  used 
  in 
  retaining 
  the 
  prey. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  9. 
  Sketch 
  of 
  a 
  

   Rhabditis 
  sucked 
  

  

  