﻿OCT. 
  19, 
  1922 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  : 
  PHILOSOPHICAL 
  SOCIETY 
  403 
  

  

  This 
  has 
  been 
  published 
  in 
  the 
  Journal 
  of 
  the 
  Academy 
  (12: 
  141-162. 
  

   March 
  19, 
  1922). 
  

  

  164th 
  meeting 
  

  

  The 
  164th 
  meeting 
  of 
  the 
  Academy 
  was 
  held 
  jointly 
  with 
  the 
  Geological 
  

   Society 
  of 
  Washington 
  in 
  the 
  Assembly 
  Hall 
  of 
  the 
  Cosmos 
  Club, 
  the 
  evening 
  

   of 
  Thursday, 
  February 
  2, 
  1922. 
  Prof. 
  H. 
  A. 
  BrouwER 
  of 
  the 
  Geological 
  

   Institute, 
  University 
  of 
  Delft, 
  Holland, 
  delivered 
  an 
  illustrated 
  address, 
  

   entitled 
  The 
  major 
  tectonic 
  features 
  of 
  the 
  Dutch 
  East 
  Indies. 
  This 
  has 
  been 
  

   pubhshed 
  in 
  the 
  Journal 
  (12: 
  172-185. 
  April 
  4, 
  1922). 
  

  

  165th 
  meeting 
  

   The 
  165th 
  meeting 
  of 
  the 
  Academy 
  was 
  held 
  jointly 
  with 
  the 
  Anthro- 
  

   pological 
  Society 
  of 
  Washington 
  in 
  the 
  Assembly 
  Hall 
  of 
  the 
  Cosmos 
  Club, 
  

   the 
  evening 
  of 
  Thursday, 
  February 
  16, 
  1922. 
  Dr. 
  H. 
  U. 
  Sverdrup, 
  of 
  

   Amundsen's 
  Arctic 
  Expedition, 
  delivered 
  an 
  address, 
  entitled. 
  Customs 
  of 
  

   the 
  Chukchi 
  natives 
  of 
  northeastern 
  Siberia. 
  A 
  full 
  abstract 
  of 
  this 
  lecture 
  

   has 
  been 
  pubhshed 
  in 
  the 
  Journal 
  (12: 
  208-212. 
  April 
  19, 
  1922). 
  

  

  William 
  R. 
  Maxon, 
  Recording 
  Secretary. 
  

  

  PHILOSOPHICAI. 
  SOCIETY 
  

   865th 
  meeting 
  

  

  The 
  865th 
  meeting 
  was 
  held 
  in 
  the 
  Cosmos 
  Club 
  auditorium 
  April 
  8, 
  1922, 
  

   with 
  President 
  Crittenden 
  in 
  the 
  chair, 
  and 
  28 
  persons 
  present. 
  The 
  

   President 
  announced 
  that 
  a 
  custom 
  formerly 
  prevailing 
  — 
  that 
  of 
  affording 
  

   opportunity 
  for 
  the 
  presentation 
  of 
  informal 
  communications 
  — 
  would 
  oe 
  a 
  

   regular 
  feature 
  of 
  programs 
  in 
  the 
  future. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  papers 
  were 
  presented: 
  

  

  F. 
  H. 
  Smyth: 
  Experimentation 
  at 
  high 
  pressures 
  and 
  temperatures, 
  with 
  

   special 
  reference 
  to 
  the 
  fusion 
  of 
  calcium 
  carbonate 
  (illustrated). 
  

  

  The 
  essential 
  apparatus 
  necessary 
  for 
  work 
  at 
  high 
  pressures 
  and 
  tempera- 
  

   tures 
  are 
  (1) 
  a 
  strong-walled 
  gas-proof 
  container 
  or 
  bomb, 
  and 
  (2) 
  an 
  electric 
  

   furnace 
  within 
  the 
  bomb 
  with 
  which 
  temperatures 
  up 
  to 
  1500 
  degrees 
  may 
  

   be 
  obtained. 
  Electrical 
  leads 
  for 
  the 
  furnace 
  and 
  for 
  the 
  thermo-elements 
  

   used 
  in 
  measuring 
  furnace 
  temperatures, 
  may 
  be 
  brought 
  out 
  through 
  small 
  

   holes 
  in 
  the 
  bomb 
  wall, 
  insulated 
  and 
  made 
  gas-tight 
  by 
  soapstone 
  plugs 
  

   rammed 
  in 
  under 
  pressure 
  around 
  the 
  wires. 
  

  

  For 
  pressures 
  up 
  to 
  1000 
  atm. 
  a 
  bomb 
  of 
  nickel 
  steel 
  of 
  10 
  cm. 
  internal 
  

   diameter, 
  and 
  20 
  cm. 
  depth, 
  with 
  a 
  wall 
  7 
  cm. 
  thick 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  satis- 
  

   factory. 
  The 
  bomb 
  wall 
  is 
  made 
  with 
  two 
  shells, 
  between 
  which 
  are 
  grooves 
  

   through 
  which 
  cooling 
  water 
  may 
  be 
  circulated. 
  A 
  small 
  platinum 
  wound 
  

   resistance 
  furnace 
  of 
  14 
  mm. 
  internal 
  diameter 
  is 
  used 
  as 
  a 
  heating 
  element. 
  

   Owing 
  to 
  the 
  great 
  heat 
  losses 
  due 
  to 
  convection 
  in 
  a 
  gas 
  atmosphere 
  at 
  high 
  

   pressure, 
  the 
  furnace 
  tube 
  must 
  be 
  well 
  baffled 
  with 
  small 
  discs 
  of 
  refractory 
  

   material, 
  and 
  the 
  platinum 
  crucible 
  containing 
  the 
  heated 
  charge 
  must 
  be 
  

   in 
  practically 
  solid 
  contact 
  with 
  the 
  inside 
  furnace 
  wall. 
  

  

  The 
  system 
  studied 
  to 
  date 
  is 
  the 
  two 
  component 
  system 
  CaO-CaCOa. 
  

  

  The 
  best 
  previous 
  work 
  on 
  this 
  system 
  has 
  been 
  done 
  by 
  Boeke 
  (N. 
  Jb. 
  

   Min. 
  1912, 
  1, 
  91-121) 
  under 
  conditions 
  which 
  permitted 
  pressures 
  up 
  to 
  

   300 
  atm. 
  Boeke 
  reports 
  a 
  reversible 
  change 
  from 
  one 
  form 
  of 
  solid 
  CaCOa 
  

   to 
  another 
  at 
  970 
  deg. 
  The 
  eutectic 
  between 
  CaO 
  and 
  CaCOs 
  is 
  given 
  as 
  

   1218 
  deg., 
  and 
  the 
  melting 
  point 
  of 
  pure 
  CaCOa 
  as 
  1289 
  deg. 
  at 
  110 
  atm. 
  

  

  