﻿404 
  JOURNAL 
  OF 
  THE 
  WASHINGTON 
  ACADEMY 
  OF 
  SCIENCES 
  VOL. 
  12, 
  NO. 
  17 
  

  

  The 
  results 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  investigation 
  show 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  change 
  in 
  

   solid 
  CaCOs 
  below 
  the 
  eutectic 
  point. 
  The 
  eutectic 
  hes 
  between 
  1230 
  and 
  

   1240 
  deg., 
  the 
  corresponding 
  gas 
  pressures 
  being 
  34 
  to 
  39 
  atm. 
  The 
  melting 
  

   point 
  of 
  nearly 
  pure 
  CaCOg 
  is 
  1335 
  deg., 
  at 
  a 
  pressure 
  of 
  1050 
  atm. 
  Even 
  

   under 
  these 
  conditions 
  the 
  fused 
  carbonate 
  contains 
  a 
  fraction 
  of 
  a 
  per 
  cent 
  

   of 
  lime. 
  To 
  get 
  rid 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  traces 
  of 
  lime 
  would 
  probably 
  require 
  much 
  

   higher 
  pressures, 
  but 
  the 
  melting 
  point 
  of 
  the 
  carbonate 
  probably 
  would 
  not 
  

   be 
  greatly 
  raised. 
  

  

  E. 
  D. 
  Williamson: 
  The 
  prediction 
  of 
  solubility 
  relations 
  tender 
  high 
  pressure 
  

   from 
  compressibility 
  measurements 
  (illustrated) 
  . 
  Discussed 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Hawkes- 
  

  

  WORTH. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  somewhat 
  difficult 
  to 
  make 
  direct 
  solubility 
  measurements 
  under 
  

   high 
  pressure 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  therefore 
  important 
  to 
  observe 
  that 
  such 
  solubility 
  

   relations 
  can 
  be 
  accurately 
  and 
  unequivocally 
  determined 
  by 
  indirect 
  methods. 
  

   The 
  following 
  data 
  must 
  be 
  first 
  obtained 
  : 
  (a) 
  a 
  set 
  of 
  equilibrium 
  measure- 
  

   ments 
  covering 
  the 
  derived 
  concentration 
  at 
  atmospheric 
  pressure 
  — 
  say, 
  

   vapor 
  pressure 
  or 
  electro-motive 
  force 
  determinations; 
  (b) 
  accurate 
  density 
  

   determinations 
  at 
  atmospheric 
  pressure; 
  (c) 
  compressibility 
  measurements 
  

   on 
  both 
  solutions 
  and 
  pure 
  substances. 
  The 
  lack 
  of 
  trustworthy 
  compressi- 
  

   bility 
  results 
  for 
  solutions 
  has 
  so 
  far 
  made 
  calculations 
  worthless, 
  but 
  this 
  

   gap 
  is 
  now 
  being 
  bridged. 
  

  

  G. 
  W. 
  MorEy: 
  77-2^ 
  production 
  of 
  pressure 
  in 
  magmas 
  by 
  crystallization 
  

   (illustrated). 
  Discussed 
  by 
  Messrs. 
  Humphreys 
  and 
  White. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  

   published 
  in 
  full 
  in 
  the 
  Journal 
  of 
  the 
  Washington 
  Academy 
  of 
  Sciences, 
  

   12: 
  219-230, 
  1922. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  conclusion 
  of 
  the 
  regular 
  program 
  informal 
  communications 
  were 
  

   presented 
  by 
  L. 
  H. 
  Adams 
  on 
  The 
  stability 
  of 
  graphite 
  and 
  diamond, 
  and 
  by 
  

   W. 
  P. 
  White 
  on 
  The 
  existence 
  of 
  amorphous 
  material 
  in 
  metals. 
  

  

  866th 
  meeting 
  

  

  The 
  866th 
  meeting 
  was 
  held 
  in 
  the 
  Cosmos 
  Club 
  auditorium 
  Saturday, 
  

   May 
  6, 
  1922, 
  with 
  President 
  Crittenden 
  in 
  the 
  chair, 
  and 
  36 
  persons 
  present. 
  

   Program 
  : 
  

  

  E. 
  H. 
  Bowie: 
  The 
  formation 
  and 
  movement 
  of 
  West 
  Indian 
  hurricanes. 
  

   Discussed 
  by 
  Messrs. 
  ly. 
  H. 
  Adams, 
  Hawkesworth, 
  Heyl, 
  Kadel 
  and 
  

   Pawling. 
  

  

  The 
  formation 
  and 
  the 
  manner 
  of 
  progression 
  of 
  the 
  cyclones 
  of 
  all 
  lati- 
  

   tudes 
  and 
  especially 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  tropics 
  have 
  been 
  perhaps 
  more 
  extensively 
  

   referred 
  to 
  in 
  the 
  literature 
  of 
  meteorology 
  than 
  any 
  other 
  phenomena 
  of 
  

   the 
  air. 
  The 
  old 
  hypothesis 
  accounted 
  for 
  their 
  formation 
  by 
  the 
  "clashing" 
  

   of 
  two 
  or 
  more 
  major 
  air 
  currents, 
  such 
  as 
  those 
  that 
  surge 
  back 
  and 
  forth 
  

   between 
  the 
  tropics 
  and 
  far 
  northern 
  latitudes. 
  Ferrel 
  took 
  exception 
  to 
  

   this 
  hypothesis 
  and 
  wrote 
  extensively 
  and 
  rather 
  convincingly 
  on 
  the 
  part 
  

   that 
  local 
  superheating 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  air 
  strata 
  had 
  to 
  do 
  with 
  the 
  formation 
  

   of 
  cyclones. 
  The 
  basis 
  of 
  Ferrel's 
  hypothesis 
  had 
  back 
  of 
  it 
  local 
  heating 
  

   and 
  the 
  deflective 
  influence 
  of 
  the 
  earth's 
  rotation 
  which 
  gave 
  rise 
  to 
  the 
  

   counterclockwise 
  circulation 
  of 
  the 
  winds 
  around 
  a 
  central 
  region 
  of 
  warm 
  

   or 
  relatively 
  warm 
  air. 
  Now, 
  the 
  hypothesis 
  of 
  local 
  thermal 
  convection 
  

   as 
  applied 
  to 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  cyclones 
  rests 
  exclusively 
  on 
  the 
  supposition 
  

   that 
  cyclones 
  are 
  warm 
  up 
  to 
  a 
  considerable 
  altitude. 
  Free-air 
  observations 
  

   wherever 
  made 
  fail 
  to 
  prove 
  this 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  fact, 
  for 
  in 
  Europe 
  the 
  cyclone 
  is 
  

   found 
  to 
  be 
  cold 
  or 
  relatively 
  cold, 
  while 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States, 
  at 
  least 
  east 
  of 
  

  

  