﻿464 
  JOURNAL 
  OF 
  THE 
  WASHINGTON 
  ACADEMY 
  OP 
  SCIENCES 
  VOL. 
  12, 
  NO. 
  20 
  

  

  In 
  a 
  recent 
  discussion 
  of 
  climatic 
  conditions 
  on 
  Mars, 
  inferred 
  from 
  phe- 
  

   nomena 
  generally 
  observed 
  on 
  the 
  planet, 
  Pickering 
  estimates 
  the 
  mean 
  an- 
  

   nual 
  temperature 
  at 
  20° 
  F. 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  the 
  mean 
  annual 
  temperature 
  of 
  

   the 
  earth 
  at 
  59° 
  F. 
  (15° 
  C). 
  At 
  night 
  the 
  Martian 
  temperature 
  is 
  below 
  

   32° 
  F. 
  (0° 
  C.) 
  and 
  at 
  noon 
  it 
  is 
  perhaps 
  60° 
  to 
  70° 
  F. 
  (15° 
  to 
  20° 
  C). 
  These 
  

   estimates 
  are 
  arrived 
  at 
  from 
  the 
  appearance 
  and 
  disappearance 
  of 
  snow 
  and 
  

   frost 
  during 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  the 
  Martian 
  day, 
  and 
  from 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  snow 
  is 
  

   never 
  seen 
  on 
  the 
  equator 
  at 
  Martian 
  noon. 
  

  

  The 
  radiometric 
  measurements 
  are 
  in 
  agreement 
  with 
  the 
  calculation 
  of 
  

   Lowell 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  arguments 
  recently 
  set 
  forth 
  by 
  Pickering, 
  showing 
  a 
  

   considerable 
  rise 
  in 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  Mars. 
  

  

  Probably 
  the 
  most 
  convincing 
  experimental 
  observations 
  of 
  the 
  range 
  of 
  

   temperature 
  of 
  the 
  moon 
  are 
  those 
  of 
  Langley 
  and 
  Very, 
  and 
  later, 
  those 
  of 
  

   Very. 
  These 
  measurements 
  indicate 
  inferred 
  effective 
  lunar 
  temperatures 
  

   ranging 
  from 
  45° 
  C. 
  to 
  over 
  100° 
  C. 
  The 
  calculated 
  value 
  using 
  recent 
  data 
  

   on 
  the 
  solar 
  constant, 
  indicates 
  a 
  lunar 
  temperature 
  of 
  82° 
  C. 
  When 
  we 
  

   consider 
  that 
  30 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  total 
  radiation 
  emanating 
  from 
  Mars 
  is 
  of 
  

   planetary 
  origin, 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  80% 
  from 
  the 
  moon, 
  and 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  evi- 
  

   dence 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  lunar 
  surface 
  becomes 
  appreciably 
  warmed, 
  it 
  appears 
  

   that 
  there 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  considerable 
  temperature 
  rise 
  (10° 
  to 
  25° 
  C.) 
  on 
  the 
  sur- 
  

   face 
  of 
  Mars 
  as 
  calculated 
  by 
  Lowell. 
  So 
  whether 
  or 
  not 
  we 
  accept 
  the 
  view 
  

   that 
  vegetation 
  can 
  exist 
  on 
  Mars, 
  the 
  radiometric 
  measurements 
  confirm 
  

   other 
  meteorological 
  data, 
  showing 
  that 
  at 
  Martian 
  noon 
  the 
  snow 
  is 
  melted 
  

   which 
  could 
  not 
  happen 
  if 
  the 
  temperature 
  were 
  — 
  39° 
  C, 
  as 
  some 
  have 
  

   calculated. 
  

  

  As 
  for 
  the 
  views 
  held 
  by 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  vegetation 
  growing 
  on 
  

   Mars, 
  much 
  depends 
  upon 
  whether 
  we 
  think 
  of 
  palm 
  trees 
  growing 
  in 
  our 
  

   tropics, 
  or 
  the 
  mosses 
  and 
  lichens 
  which 
  thrive 
  on 
  the 
  apparently 
  bare 
  piles 
  

   of 
  volcanic 
  cinders 
  of 
  Arizona 
  and 
  under 
  our 
  Arctic 
  snows. 
  

  

  H. 
  H. 
  Kimball, 
  Recording 
  Secretary 
  

  

  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  SOCIETY 
  

   349th 
  meeting 
  

  

  The 
  349th 
  meeting 
  of 
  the 
  Society 
  was 
  held 
  May 
  4, 
  1922 
  in 
  Room 
  43 
  of 
  

   the 
  New 
  National 
  Museum, 
  with 
  President 
  Gahan 
  in 
  the 
  chair 
  and 
  36 
  

   persons 
  present. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  Gahan 
  spoke 
  briefly 
  about 
  the 
  new 
  Brazilian 
  Entomological 
  Society. 
  

   The 
  first 
  paper 
  of 
  the 
  evening 
  was 
  The 
  operation 
  of 
  the 
  Federal 
  Insecticide 
  

   Act, 
  by 
  Dr. 
  J. 
  K. 
  Haywood. 
  It 
  was 
  discussed 
  by 
  Dr. 
  McIndoo. 
  

  

  Messrs. 
  Haywood 
  and 
  MiddlETon 
  spoke 
  of 
  tree 
  doctors 
  injecting 
  trees 
  

   with 
  fluids 
  to 
  kill 
  insects. 
  

  

  Notes. 
  — 
  Mr. 
  BridwELL 
  announced 
  the 
  discovery 
  of 
  a 
  Bruchophagus, 
  

   indistinguishable 
  from 
  B. 
  funebris, 
  from 
  seeds 
  of 
  Oxytropis 
  lamherti 
  collected 
  

   by 
  L. 
  Weld 
  in 
  Colorado. 
  This 
  is 
  apparently 
  the 
  first 
  record 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  

   breeding 
  in 
  legumes 
  other 
  than 
  clover 
  and 
  alfalfa. 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Aldrich 
  stated 
  that 
  Dr. 
  C. 
  H. 
  T. 
  TownsEnd 
  had 
  completed 
  his 
  book 
  

   on 
  the 
  muscoid 
  flies. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  sent 
  to 
  the 
  United 
  vStates 
  for 
  publication. 
  

  

  J. 
  A. 
  Hyslop 
  spoke 
  as 
  follows: 
  "I 
  have 
  received 
  a 
  most 
  interesting 
  com- 
  

   munication 
  from 
  Air. 
  C. 
  W. 
  CrEEL, 
  State 
  Entomologist 
  of 
  Nevada, 
  accom- 
  

   panying 
  a 
  vial 
  containing 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  Chrysomelid 
  beetles. 
  Mr 
  

   Creel 
  stated 
  that 
  the 
  County 
  Agent 
  of 
  Clark 
  County 
  sent 
  in 
  these 
  specimens, 
  

  

  i 
  

  

  