594 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



contained milk. When given pure water, he tasted it, left it, took hold 

 again, and then abandoned it, frowning and making a mouth. A child 

 a month old would look fixedly, for three or four minutes, at the reflec- 

 tion in a mirror of the light on a table. In forty-five days he would 

 follow with his eyes a doll dressed in bright blue, that a little girl 

 danced before him a yard off. Thirteen days after his birth the son of 

 Tiedemann gave attention to the gestures of those who spoke to him. 

 The attention of children is very short-lived, but it is often profitable. 



VII. Memory. — Hereditary memory is manifested in the first reflex 

 actions of the infant. These awaken the consciousness, and the child's 

 own memory often unites itself with them. In a few months a child 

 has already many personal recollections. A little girl three months 

 and a half old could indicate where her feet were ; she also distinguished 

 her dress, which she seemed to take for a part of her person. She had 

 a passion for color ; the word picture made her smile. A little boy 

 seven months old had a particular tenderness for his grandmother, who 

 had fed him with a bottle. A brush was put before him. He put his 

 hands upon it, and soon lifted them with a grave air. The experiment 

 was repeated several times ; at the eighth he threw himself backward, 

 without touching the brush ; at the ninth he reflected, hesitated, again 

 drew back, and embraced his grandmother. Memory is also manifested 

 by a sort of intermittent possession of recollections. A little girl eight 

 months old moves her arms as if she were shaking a bell. She is pos- 

 sessed by the idea of this bell, and often amuses herself with it. When 

 she is distracted for a time, she will recommence her movements, and 

 repeat this manoeuvre more than twenty times in half an hour. A lit- 

 tle child of fifteen months would incessantly repeat the wdrd a-teau 

 (bateau), meaning the boat, which he liked very- much ; later, two 

 hens along with the boat engrossed his attention. Some months after- 

 ward he made a journey, and for the two words he had so often repeated 

 he substituted those of min-fer {chemin defer, railroad). 



VIII. Association of Sensations, Ideas, and Acts, — When the 

 young Tiedemann, two days old, was placed on his side, in the position 

 for sucking, or when he felt a soft hand on his face, he was hushed, 

 and sought the breast. At five months he had remarked that when his 

 nurse took her mantle it was a signal for going out. So he always re- 

 joiced when that happened. A little child four months and a half old, 

 hearing her nurse call her from behind a door through the keyhole, 

 raised her head, looked right and left, and, at a fresh call, put out her 

 arms, gave starts of joy, of desire, of spite, and finally began to make 

 grimaces. The nurse of a little girl three months and a half old, when 

 going out with the child, bought a bouquet of violets, which she con- 

 cealed in her bosom. An uncle of the child one day took her in his 

 lap ; he had a pretty rose in his button-hole ; the child put out her 

 arms, pressed the vest of her uncle with both hands, applied her lips to 

 his shirt front, and made sucking movements. A child of six months 



