1849.] 223 



The measurements of children, idiots and mixed races are omitted from this 

 table, excepting only in the mstance of the Fellahs of Egypt, who, however, are 

 a blended stock of two Caucasian nations,— the true Egyptian and the intrusive 

 Arab, in which the characteristics of the former greatly predominate. 



No mean has been taken of the Caucasian race* collectively, because of the very 

 great preponderance of Hindu, Egyptian and Fellah skulls over those of the Ger- 

 manic, Pelasgic and Celtic families. Nor could any just conective comparison be 

 instituted between the Caucasian and Negro groupe in such a table, unless the 

 small-brained people of the latter division (Hottentots, Bushmen and Austra- 

 lians) were proportionate in number to the Hindoos, Egyptians and Fellahs of 

 the other group. Such a computation, were it practicable,- would probably re- 

 duce the Caucasian average to about 87 cubic inches, and the Negro to 78 at most, 

 perhaps even to 75, and thus contirmatively establish the difference of at least 

 nine cubic inches between the mean of the two races.* 



Large as this collection already is, a glance at the Table will show that it is 

 very deficient in some divisions of the human family. For example, it contains 

 no crania of the Eskimaux, Fuegians, Californians or Brazilians. The skulls of 

 the great divisions of the Caucasian and Mongolian races are also too few for 

 satisfactory comparison, and the Sclavonic and Tchudic (Finnish) nations, to<^ether 

 Y^th the Mongol tribes of Northern Asia and China, are among the especial desi- 

 derata of this collection. 



Among the facts elicited by this investigation are the following : 



1. The Teutonic or German race, embracing, as it does, the" Anglo-Saxons, 

 Anglo-Americans, Anglo-Irish, &c., possess the largest brain of any other people 



2. The nations having the smallest heads, are the ancient Peruvians and Aus- 

 tralians. 



3. The Barbarous tribes of America possess a much larger brain than the 

 demi-civihzed Peruvians or Mexicans. 



*It is necessary to explain what is here meant by the word race Further ro 

 searches into Ethnographic afKnities will probably^ demrsJratrthafwh.t 

 now termed the five races of men, would be more^anprprSe V called 

 that each of these groups is a^ain divisible into a greXT^o sn^^l . 'IfirrV 

 primary races, each of which has expanded from an aboriginal nucleus or'enrf 

 Thus I conceive that there were several centres for the American group of races' 

 of which the highest in the scale are tiie Toltecan nations, the lowest The FueS' 

 ans. Nor does this view conflict with^the general prncipir^ha all h5<= 

 nations and tribes have had, as I have elsewhere expressed ;7. 

 origin; inasmuch as by this term is only meant aT idfje us relatLT^^^^^^^ 

 country they inhabit, and that collective identity of physical t aits mental and 

 moral endowments, language, &c., which characterise all the Im^rTcan races 

 The same remarks are applicable to all the other human raceT but in tb: 

 present infant state of Ethnographic science, the designation o' these primitv^ 

 centres is a task of equal delicacy and difficulty. I may here obse^v. t^^ 

 whenever I have ventured an opinion on this question, Tthas been in f. J - 

 the doctrine of ^r.W./ diversMes among meS,-an or^inaT adantatinn TtK ' 

 several races to those varied circumstances of climate and local fy'wSwhn: 

 congenial to the one are destructive to the other • anH ^„^ '"'^'^"7'T""^"' ^hile 

 have co„fir™d ,„e in these vi.:, ITcLtf/^^Tr^'TT'''' 



