ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY. MICROSCOPY. ETC. 81 



He divides his subject into diseases of tree fruits, small fruits, garden 

 vegetables, cereals, etc. 



The same writer* has worked out a black rot of apples due to the 

 fungus Sclerotinia fructigena. Spraying with Bordeaux mixture is 

 advised. 



N. Speschnewf notes a curious occurrence of Plasmopara viticola 

 on vine leaves ; round yellow balls, composed of hyphse and spores, 

 occurred instead of the usual felting of hyph^. It was probably to be 

 explained by insect action. 



Speschnew | gives an account of some new or little known parasites 

 of the mulberry. Fusarmm Schaivrowi sp. n. grew on the twigs ; Lepto- 

 glmum Mori attacked both twigs and leaves. 



P. Voglino,§ in Italy, reports on a large number of cases of plant 

 diseases of field and garden crops for the year 1904. A number of new 

 species that had been described by Gr. Scalia are included in the survey. 

 He found a species of the new genus Okliopsis sicula living in the 

 leaves of an Asdepias. Voglino also notices E. Cazzani's account of 

 Peronospora cuhensis which had worked harm to melon plants. 



J. Ritzema Bos || devotes a long paper to the consideration of the 

 diseases of the various forms of Brassica more especially those caused by 

 a species of Phoma. The fungus attacks both the leaves and the stalk, 

 and he found that the one he was studying agreed most nearly with Ph. 

 oleracea, hitherto recorded on dead stalks of Brassica and other Cruciferse. 

 The roots of the plants attacked seem as if eaten by insects, but mycelium 

 is always to be detected at the injured parts, giving the tissue a yellowish 

 brown appearance. The author did not find that the seed conveyed 

 disease, but he warns cultivators against the practice of leaving diseased 

 portions of plants in the field, and also against the transplanting of 

 seedlings already diseased. 



A plantation of 600 mulberries in Italy was destroyed by some 

 unknown disease. After the 4-year old plants had been put in the new 

 soil they dried up just as they began to form buds. Root trouble was 

 suspected, or some mismanagement in planting. V. Peglionlf found that 

 the stems were covered with small black wart-like bodies, the stromata 

 of the fungus Giberella moricola, and that the red tubercles of Fusarium 

 lateritium, the conidial forms, were also present. He proved that the 

 disease was entirely caused by these organisms. He recommends dis- 

 infection of young trees by Bordeaux mixture. 



G. Liistner** has been studying a disease of cherry-trees in the Rhine 

 valley, said to be due partly to the fungus Cytospora ruhescens, and 



* Nebraska Agric. Exper. Stat. Report, xix. (1906) pp. 82-91 (2 pis.). See also 

 Bot. Centralbl., cii. (1906) p. 559. 



t ]\Ionit. Jard. Bot. Tiflis, livr. 2 (1906) pp. 1-2. 



X Arb. Kaukas Stat Seidenzucht, Tiflis, x. heft 2 (1905) pp. 30-41 (2 pis.). See 

 also Bot. Centralbl., cii. (1906) p. 567. 



§ S. A. Ann. R. Accad. Agric. Torino, 1904, 87 pp.. See also Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., 

 xvi. (1906) pp. 276-80. 



II Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xvi. (1906) pp. 257-76 (13 figs.). 



f Atti R. Accad. del Lincei (1906) No. 1. See also Centralbl. Bakt., xvii. (1906) 

 pp. 279-80. 



** Ber. k. Lehranst. Wein. Obst. Garten. Geisenheim a Rh., 1904, p. 225. See 

 also Bot. Centralbl., cii. (1906) p. 586. 



Feb. 20th, 1907 (^ 



