302 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Whitefly Ravages in Florida.* — E. W. Berger states that the 

 whitefly, Ale yr odes citri, a member of the Hemiptera, is on the increase 

 and spreading to citron-growing sections of the State of Florida not 

 hitherto infested. He advocates the application to the trees of fungi 

 which parasitise the larvEe and pupae. Spraying spores of the red and 

 yellow Achersonia upon the trees gives very good results. An outHne 

 of the life-history of AUyrodes is given. 



Cimex lectularius in Relation to Spirochaetes.f — A. Breinl, Allan 

 Kinghorn, and J. L. Todd give an account of attempts made to transmit 

 Spirochetes by means of the bed-bug, Cimex lectularius. The general 

 conclusion arrived at is that it is probably unable to transmit SpirocJmta 

 (hittoni or S. ohenneieri, and therefore that it cannot be an important 

 factor in the causation of epidemics of relapsing fever. 



Structure of Larval Ephemerid.| — A. Popovici-Baznosanu commu- 

 nicates some notes on the structures present in the posterior part of 

 the body of the larva of Cloe (Cloeopsis), particularly the heart, tracheal 

 system, and alimentary canal. There is a pair of longitudinal tracheae 

 with commissures ; each of the lateral tail filaments has a tracheal 

 branch, the median one has two. The branches of the commissure of 

 the ninth segment are functionally of special importance. On the one 

 side, they serve to oxygenate the blood entering the last pair of ostia, on 

 the other side they pass to the rectum, taking part in the respiration, 

 which is effected in that region. There is a special ring-musculature of 

 the rectum, effecting regular contractions in this relation. The filaments 

 regulate movements, rather than materially assist in respiration. They 

 are readily regenerated. 



Studies on Collembola.§ — Jur. Phihptschenko has investigated 

 various Achorutidse, Entomobryidje, and Sminthuridse, with especial 

 reference to the fatty bodies (which contain fat, eosinophil granules, 

 and concretions of uric acid), the exuvial glands (which are unicellular 

 and without efferent opening, and to be distinguished from the two- 

 celled Plotnikow's exuvial glands of beetle larvae, and the three-celled 

 Verson's exuvial glands of higher insects). Attention is also directed to 

 the sub-hypodermal cells of Orchesella rufescens, which seem to represent 

 primitive forms of cenocytes. 



Anurida maritima.|| — A. D. Imms has devoted a memoir to this 

 littoral CoUembolan. He begins with an account of its habits. When 

 the tide rises, it retreats far into the niches of the rocks or into the sand. 

 The whitish hairs hold a supply of air, which may last for 4i days. The 

 appearance of the animals on the surface of shore-pools is accidental. 

 They feed mainly on the dead bodies of small marine animals, but small 

 algae are also found in the raid-gut. The distribution is widespread in 

 Palfearctic and Nearctic regions. A full account of the structure is 

 given. 



♦ Florida Agric. Exper. Stat., Bull. No. 88 (1907) pp. 51-85. 

 + Centralbl. Bakt. Parasitenk., xlii. (1906) pp. 537-41. 



X Arch. Zool. Exper., Notes et Revue, No. 3, xxxv. (1906) pp. Ixvi.-lxxviii. 

 (10 figs.). § Zeitschr. wiss. Zool., Ixxxv. (1906) pp. 270-804 (2 pis.). 



II L.M.B.C. Memoirs, xiii. (1906) pp. 1-99 (7 pis.). 



